【Objective】This paper studied the characteristics of drought and flood disasters in northern Xinjiang,and the impact of climate change on drought and flood disasters in northern Xinjiang,providing theoretical guidance for agricultural and livestock production activities and disaster prevention and mitigation.【Method】The daily data of temperature and precipitation of 25 meteorological stations in the northern Xinjiang region from 1961 to 2016 was selected. Trend analysis,M-K mutation test,Z-index and other methods were used to analyze climate change and drought and flood trends in the study area. 【Result】( i) In the past 56 years,the climate in the northern Xinjiang has a clear trend of cold-drying to warming and humidification,and the average annual temperature rises at a rate of 0.34 ℃·( 10 a)~(-1). The spatial distribution of temperature is significantly different,decreasing from north to south. Precipitation showed an increasing trend of fluctuations of 12.05 mm·( 10 a)~(-1),and the spatial variation of precipitation was more than that of plains and basins. ( ii) The frequency of disaster relief in northern Xinjiang ( 37.5 %) was greater than that in drought ( 30.36 %). In 1991,the temperature changed suddenly; after that the proportion of disasters in northern Xinjiang increased by 41 %,the proportion of drought decreased by 27.9 %,and the proportion ofnormal'years and drought years decreased,and warming and humidification were obvious. 【Conclusion】In the past 56 years,the drought and flood disasters in the northern Xinjiang region have changed from drought to flood,and this change is consistent with the warming and humidification of climate in northern Xinjiang.