DOI: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2019.114140
论文题名: Retraction notice to “Soil carbon stocks are underestimated in mountainous regions” [Geoderma 320 (2018) 146–148](S0016706117318244)(10.1016/j.geoderma.2018.01.029)
作者: Chen S. ; Arrouays D.
刊名: Geoderma
ISSN: 167061
出版年: 2020
卷: 362 语种: 英语
英文摘要: This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal). This article has been retracted at the request of the Authors, with the consent of the handling Editor, Alex B. McBratney and the Editor-in-Chief, Jan Willem van Groenigen. In this paper, we concluded that the Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) stocks were underestimated in mountainous regions, mainly due to the slope effect. We first stated that current estimates of SOC stocks are calculated by multiplying the SOC density times the planimetric area of an individual cell, and that, the land surface is not always a horizontal plane and consequently the SOC stocks estimates may be biased, especially in mountainous regions. We then ran an exercise based on the Harmonised World Soil database (HWSD, Hiederer and Köchy, 2012) and the Multi-Error-Re-moved Improved-Terrain DEM (MERIT DEM, Yamazaki et al., 2017). From this exercise, we concluded that inclination effect strongly influenced SOC stock estimates in mountainous regions and previous SOC stocks estimates were underestimated. We think that our conclusions are biased and that this paper should be retracted. Actually, the hypothesis that SOC stocks estimates are sensitive to slope effect is wrong. It makes implicitly the hypothesis that soil is a kind of mantle characterized by a given thickness and that what we measure is this thickness perpendicular to the soil surface. In practice, the observations contained in the databases should have been made vertically, therefore the slope does not change the volume at all. As shown in Fig. 1, if we consider a square pixel of N m2, (with N = length × width), the “Voxel” down to h cm is always N × h m3 (with h = height) no matter how the shape of the surface is (the only rare exception is overhanging areas). Consequently, the conclusions of our paper are wrong. The global stocks under mountainous areas are not underestimated, and the estimates of SOC stocks realised using the HWSD (Hiederer and Köchy, 2012) are not biased due to a slope effect. We fully apologize for this misconception. We retract this paper, in order that it is not used further by others to erroneously correct the SOC stock calculations, and that the error we made does not propagate into other studies. More generally, this error also raises questions about the definitions of soil depth and soil or horizon thickness. Indeed, soil horizons are often parallel to the soil surface and one may consider that the thickness should be measured in a strictly vertical way, or perpendicularly to the soil surface. © 2019 Elsevier B.V.
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/158719
Appears in Collections: 气候变化与战略
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作者单位: INRA, Unité InfoSol, Orléans, 45075, France; UMR SAS, INRA, Agrocampus Ouest, Rennes, 35042, France
Recommended Citation:
Chen S.,Arrouays D.. Retraction notice to “Soil carbon stocks are underestimated in mountainous regions” [Geoderma 320 (2018) 146–148](S0016706117318244)(10.1016/j.geoderma.2018.01.029)[J]. Geoderma,2020-01-01,362