DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.106154
论文题名: Land-use evolution in the catchment of Lake Murten, Switzerland
作者: Haas M. ; Kaltenrieder P. ; Ladd S.N. ; Welte C. ; Strasser M. ; Eglinton T.I. ; Dubois N.
刊名: Quaternary Science Reviews
ISSN: 2773791
出版年: 2020
卷: 230 语种: 英语
英文关键词: Charcoal
; Compound-specific radiocarbon dating
; Compound-specific δ13C
; Land-use reconstruction
; Leaf waxes
; Pollen
Scopus关键词: Catchments
; Charcoal
; Deforestation
; Dynamics
; Erosion
; Eutrophication
; Lakes
; Organic carbon
; Piles
; Runoff
; Soils
; Isotopic composition
; Land-use reconstruction
; Pollen
; Radiocarbon dating
; Sedimentary organic matter
; Soil carbon dynamics
; Soil organic carbon
; Vegetation dynamics
; Land use
英文摘要: Anthropogenic soil erosion is a problem of global concern and recently has become the focus of extensive research. In spite of this, our knowledge about the history of land-use and its long-term impact on soil erosion and the local environment remains limited. This study seeks to address this issue by investigating sediments of Lake Murten, Switzerland, using a multi-proxy approach to reconstruct the history of land-use and its impacts in the catchment. We analyzed pollen and charcoal to reconstruct past land-use and vegetation dynamics, and used the distributions of terrestrial leaf wax biomarkers, their δ13C isotopic composition and their soil retention time (compound-specific 14C) to evaluate long-term effects on past soil carbon dynamics. Arboreal pollen abundances, charcoal influx and cultural indicators match the archaeological evidence and reveal an eventful past around the lake. The first signs of human presence were detected around 5000 BCE, when Neolithic pile dwellers occupied the lake's shores. However, human land-use had no significant effect on the pollen and the sedimentary organic matter (OM) composition during Neolithic times and the Bronze Age. This changed during the Late Iron Age and the Early Roman Period (ca. 70 BCE). Coincident with the rise of Aventicum, a Roman city, large-scale deforestation and agriculture began in the region. Severe soil degradation and outwash of soil organic carbon (SOC) at this time is documented by enhanced input of soil-derived and pre-aged leaf waxes, and resulted in cultural eutrophication ca. 2000 years ago. Soil erosion decreased after the fall of the Roman Empire and a short period of renaturation followed. Although the export of SOC returned to pre-Roman values after ca. 200 years, the forest never recovered to its past extent. The last two detected periods of land-use change correlate with the onset of Medieval agriculture (ca. 1000 CE) and the Industrial Period (ca. 1800 CE). Today, the mean transit time of leaf waxes is almost five times longer compared to the Roman Period, suggesting that substantial soil erosion has occurred and that an even longer time period would be necessary for the soil carbon dynamics to recover to their natural state. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/159293
Appears in Collections: 气候变化与战略
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作者单位: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag), Dübendorf, CH-8600, Switzerland; Department of Earth Sciences, ETH Zürich, Zürich, CH-8006, Switzerland; Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, CH-3012, Switzerland; Oeschger Center for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, CH-3012, Switzerland; Laboratory of Ion Beam Physics, ETH Zürich, Zürich, CH-8006, Switzerland; Department of Geology, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, AT-6020, Austria
Recommended Citation:
Haas M.,Kaltenrieder P.,Ladd S.N.,et al. Land-use evolution in the catchment of Lake Murten, Switzerland[J]. Quaternary Science Reviews,2020-01-01,230