globalchange  > 气候变化与战略
DOI: 10.1111/1477-8947.12187
论文题名:
Global and regional potential of wastewater as a water, nutrient and energy source
作者: Qadir M.; Drechsel P.; Jiménez Cisneros B.; Kim Y.; Pramanik A.; Mehta P.; Olaniyan O.
刊名: Natural Resources Forum
ISSN: 1650203
出版年: 2020
卷: 44, 期:1
语种: 英语
英文关键词: resource recovery potential ; SDG and 2030 Agenda ; sustainable development ; water reclamation ; water recycling ; water stress
Scopus关键词: alternative energy ; energy planning ; eutrophication ; nutrient ; regional planning ; Sustainable Development Goal ; wastewater treatment ; water stress ; Niagara Falls [(WTF) North America]
英文摘要: There is a proactive interest in recovering water, nutrients and energy from waste streams with the increase in municipal wastewater volumes and innovations in resource recovery. Based on the synthesis of wastewater data, this study provides insights into the global and regional “potential” of wastewater as water, nutrient and energy sources while acknowledging the limitations of current resource recovery opportunities and promoting efforts to fast-track high-efficiency returns. The study estimates suggest that, currently, 380 billion m3 (m3 = 1,000 L) of wastewater are produced annually across the world which is a volume five-fold the volume of water passing through Niagara Falls annually. Wastewater production globally is expected to increase by 24% by 2030 and 51% by 2050 over the current level. Among major nutrients, 16.6 Tg (Tg = million metric ton) of nitrogen are embedded in wastewater produced worldwide annually; phosphorus stands at 3.0 Tg and potassium at 6.3 Tg. The full nutrient recovery from wastewater would offset 13.4% of the global demand for these nutrients in agriculture. Beyond nutrient recovery and economic gains, there are critical environmental benefits, such as minimizing eutrophication. At the energy front, the energy embedded in wastewater would be enough to provide electricity to 158 million households. These estimates and projections are based on the maximum theoretical amounts of water, nutrients and energy that exist in the reported municipal wastewater produced worldwide annually. Supporting resource recovery from wastewater will need a step-wise approach to address a range of constraints to deliver a high rate of return in direct support of Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 6, 7 and 12, but also other Goals, including adaptation to climate change and efforts in advancing “net-zero” energy processes towards a green economy. © 2020 United Nations
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/159607
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作者单位: United Nations University, Institute for Water, Environment and Health (UNU-INWEH), Hamilton, ON, Canada; IWMI, Colombo, Sri Lanka; Division of Water Sciences, International Hydrological Programme, UNESCO, Paris, France; National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Civil Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; The Water Research Foundation, Alexandria, VA, United States; UNU-INWEH, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Winnipeg Water and Waste Department, Winnipeg, MB, Canada

Recommended Citation:
Qadir M.,Drechsel P.,Jiménez Cisneros B.,et al. Global and regional potential of wastewater as a water, nutrient and energy source[J]. Natural Resources Forum,2020-01-01,44(1)
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