globalchange  > 气候变化与战略
DOI: 10.1029/2018GB006041
论文题名:
Key Uncertainties in the Recent Air-Sea Flux of CO2
作者: Woolf D.K.; Shutler J.D.; Goddijn-Murphy L.; Watson A.J.; Chapron B.; Nightingale P.D.; Donlon C.J.; Piskozub J.; Yelland M.J.; Ashton I.; Holding T.; Schuster U.; Girard-Ardhuin F.; Grouazel A.; Piolle J.-F.; Warren M.; Wrobel-Niedzwiecka I.; Land P.E.; Torres R.; Prytherch J.; Moat B.; Hanafin J.; Ardhuin F.; Paul F.
刊名: Global Biogeochemical Cycles
ISSN: 0886-6236
EISSN: 1944-9224
出版年: 2019
卷: 33, 期:12
语种: 英语
英文关键词: air sampling ; atmosphere-ocean coupling ; carbon dioxide ; error analysis ; expert system ; seasonality ; uncertainty analysis
学科: air-sea flux ; Carbon dioxide ; sampling ; transfer velocity ; uncertainty
中文摘要: The contemporary air-sea flux of CO2 is investigated by the use of an air-sea flux equation, with particular attention to the uncertainties in global values and their origin with respect to that equation. In particular, uncertainties deriving from the transfer velocity and from sparse upper ocean sampling are investigated. Eight formulations of air-sea gas transfer velocity are used to evaluate the combined standard uncertainty resulting from several sources of error. Depending on expert opinion, a standard uncertainty in transfer velocity of either ~5% or ~10% can be argued and that will contribute a proportional error in air-sea flux. The limited sampling of upper ocean fCO2 is readily apparent in the Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas databases. The effect of sparse sampling on the calculated fluxes was investigated by a bootstrap method, that is, treating each ship cruise to an oceanic region as a random episode and creating 10 synthetic data sets by randomly selecting episodes with replacement. Convincing values of global net air-sea flux can only be achieved using upper ocean data collected over several decades but referenced to a standard year. The global annual referenced values are robust to sparse sampling, but seasonal and regional values exhibit more sampling uncertainty. Additional uncertainties are related to thermal and haline effects and to aspects of air-sea gas exchange not captured by standard models. An estimate of global net CO2 exchange referenced to 2010 of −3.0 ± 0.6 Pg C/year is proposed, where the uncertainty derives primarily from uncertainty in the transfer velocity. ©2019. The Authors.
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/160089
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作者单位: International Centre for Island Technology, Heriot-Watt University, Orkney, United Kingdom; College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom; Environmental Research Institute, University of the Highlands and Islands, Thurso, United Kingdom; Ifremer, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, CNRS, IRD, Laboratoire d'Oceanographie Physique et Spatiale (LOPS), IUEM, Brest, France; Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Plymouth, United Kingdom; European Space Agency, Noordwijk, Netherlands; Institute of Oceanology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sopot, Poland; National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, United Kingdom; College of Engineering, Mathematics, and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom; Now at Department of Meteorology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Now at Irish Centre for High-End Computing, National University of Ireland Galway, Ireland

Recommended Citation:
Woolf D.K.,Shutler J.D.,Goddijn-Murphy L.,et al. Key Uncertainties in the Recent Air-Sea Flux of CO2[J]. Global Biogeochemical Cycles,2019-01-01,33(12)
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