globalchange  > 气候变化与战略
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0800790105
论文题名:
Southern Ocean frontal structure and sea-ice formation rates revealed by elephant seals
作者: Charrassin J.-B.; Hindell M.; Rintoul S.R.; Roquet F.; Sokolov S.; Biuw M.; Costa D.; Boehme L.; Lovell P.; Coleman R.; Timmermann R.; Meijers A.; Meredith M.; Park Y.-H.; Bailleul F.; Goebel M.; Tremblay Y.; Bost C.-A.; McMahon C.R.; Field I.C.; Fedak M.A.; Guinet C.
刊名: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
ISSN: 0027-8424
出版年: 2008
卷: 105, 期:33
起始页码: 11634
结束页码: 11639
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Antarctic Circumpolar Current ; Instrumentation ; Marine predators ; Ocean observation ; Sea-ice modeling
Scopus关键词: article ; carbon cycle ; elephant ; hydrography ; ocean current ; oceanography ; priority journal ; salinity ; sea ice ; thermodynamics ; water structure ; Animals ; Ice ; Seals, Earless ; Seawater ; Temperature ; Mirounga ; Mirounga leonina
英文摘要: Polar regions are particularly sensitive to climate change, with the potential for significant feedbacks between ocean circulation, sea ice, and the ocean carbon cycle. However, the difficulty in obtaining in situ data means that our ability to detect and interpret change is very limited, especially in the Southern Ocean, where the ocean beneath the sea ice remains almost entirely unobserved and the rate of sea-ice formation is poorly known. Here, we show that southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina) equipped with oceanographic sensors can measure ocean structure and water mass changes in regions and seasons rarely observed with traditional oceanographic platforms. In particular, seals provided a 30-fold increase in hydrographic profiles from the sea-ice zone, allowing the major fronts to be mapped south of 60°S and sea-ice formation rates to be inferred from changes in upper ocean salinity. Sea-ice production rates peaked in early winter (April-May) during the rapid northward expansion of the pack ice and declined by a factor of 2 to 3 between May and August, in agreement with a three-dimensional coupled ocean-sea-ice model. By measuring the high-latitude ocean during winter, elephant seals fill a "blind spot" in our sampling coverage, enabling the establishment of a truly global ocean-observing system. © 2008 by The National Academy of Sciences of the USA.
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/162461
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作者单位: Charrassin, J.-B., Unite Sci. du Mus. 402/Lab. d'Oceanographie et du Climat: Experimentation et Approches Numeriques, Département Milieux et Peuplements Aquatiques, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 43 rue Cuvier, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France; Hindell, M., Antarctic Wildlife Research Unit, School of Zoology, University of Tasmania, P.O. Box 252-05, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia; Rintoul, S.R., Wealth from Oceans National Research Flagship and Antarctic Climate, Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia; Roquet, F., Unite Sci. du Mus. 402/Lab. d'Oceanographie et du Climat: Experimentation et Approches Numeriques, Département Milieux et Peuplements Aquatiques, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 43 rue Cuvier, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France; Sokolov, S., Wealth from Oceans National Research Flagship and Antarctic Climate, Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia; Biuw, M., Norwegian Polar Institute, Polar Environmental Centre, NO-9296 Tromsø, Norway; Costa, D., Institute of Marine Sciences, Long Marine Laboratory, University of California, 100 Shaffer Road, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, United States; Boehme, L., NERC Sea Mammal Research Unit, Gatty Marine Laboratory, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife KY16 8LB, United Kingdom; Lovell, P., NERC Sea Mammal Research Unit, Gatty Marine Laboratory, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife KY16 8LB, United Kingdom; Coleman, R., Center for Marine Science, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 78, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia; Timmermann, R., Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany; Meijers, A., Center for Marine Science, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 78, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia; Meredith, M., British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ET, United Kingdom; Park, Y.-H., Unite Sci. du Mus. 402/Lab. d'Oceanographie et du Climat: Experimentation et Approches Numeriques, Département Milieux et Peuplements Aquatiques, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 43 rue Cuvier, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France; Bailleul, F., Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Villiers-en-Bois, F-79360 Beauvoir sur Niort, France; Goebel, M., Antarctic Ecosystem Research Division, NOAA/National Marine Fisheries Service, 8604 La Jolla Shores Drive, San Diego, CA 92037-1508, United States; Tremblay, Y., Institute of Marine Sciences, Long Marine Laboratory, University of California, 100 Shaffer Road, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, United States; Bost, C.-A., Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Villiers-en-Bois, F-79360 Beauvoir sur Niort, France; McMahon, C.R., School for Environmental Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT 0909, Australia; Field, I.C., School for Environmental Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT 0909, Australia; Fedak, M.A., NERC Sea Mammal Research Unit, Gatty Marine Laboratory, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife KY16 8LB, United Kingdom; Guinet, C., Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Villiers-en-Bois, F-79360 Beauvoir sur Niort, France

Recommended Citation:
Charrassin J.-B.,Hindell M.,Rintoul S.R.,et al. Southern Ocean frontal structure and sea-ice formation rates revealed by elephant seals[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2008-01-01,105(33)
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