DOI: 10.5194/hess-23-3553-2019
论文题名: Partitioning snowmelt and rainfall in the critical zone: Effects of climate type and soil properties
作者: Hammond J.C. ; Harpold A.A. ; Weiss S. ; Kampf S.K.
刊名: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences
ISSN: 1027-5606
出版年: 2019
卷: 23, 期: 9 起始页码: 3553
结束页码: 3570
语种: 英语
Scopus关键词: Budget control
; Climatology
; Groundwater
; Rain
; Runoff
; Snow making
; Snow melting systems
; Soil moisture
; Soil testing
; Stream flow
; Textures
; Antecedent moisture
; Climate variability
; Deep soil moisture
; Developing strategy
; Hydraulic properties
; Rainfall partitioning
; Streamflow generations
; Streamflow sensitivities
; Climate models
英文摘要: Streamflow generation and deep groundwater recharge may be vulnerable to loss of snow, making it important to quantify how snowmelt is partitioned between soil storage, deep drainage, evapotranspiration, and runoff. Based on previous findings, we hypothesize that snowmelt produces greater streamflow and deep drainage than rainfall and that this effect is greatest in dry climates. To test this hypothesis we examine how snowmelt and rainfall partitioning vary with climate and soil properties using a physically based variably saturated subsurface flow model, HYDRUS-1D. We developed model experiments using observed climate from mountain regions and artificial climate inputs that convert all precipitation to rain, and then evaluated how climate variability affects partitioning in soils with different hydraulic properties and depths. Results indicate that event-scale runoff is higher for snowmelt than for rainfall due to higher antecedent moisture and input rates in both wet and dry climates. Annual runoff also increases with snowmelt fraction, whereas deep drainage is not correlated with snowmelt fraction. Deep drainage is less affected by changes from snowmelt to rainfall because it is controlled by deep soil moisture changes over longer timescales. Soil texture modifies daily wetting and drying patterns but has limited effect on annual water budget partitioning, whereas increases in soil depth lead to lower runoff and greater deep drainage. Overall these results indicate that runoff may be substantially reduced with seasonal snowpack decline in all climates, whereas the effects of snowpack decline on deep drainage are less consistent. These mechanisms help explain recent observations of streamflow sensitivity to changing snowpack and highlight the importance of developing strategies to plan for changes in water budgets in areas most at risk for shifts from snow to rain. © Author(s) 2019. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/162909
Appears in Collections: 气候变化与战略
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作者单位: Hammond, J.C., Department of Ecosystem Science and Sustainability, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, United States, US Geological Survey MD-DE-DC Water Science Center, Baltimore, MD 21228, United States; Harpold, A.A., Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, United States; Weiss, S., College of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States; Kampf, S.K., Department of Ecosystem Science and Sustainability, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, United States
Recommended Citation:
Hammond J.C.,Harpold A.A.,Weiss S.,et al. Partitioning snowmelt and rainfall in the critical zone: Effects of climate type and soil properties[J]. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences,2019-01-01,23(9)