globalchange  > 气候变化与战略
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2004596117
论文题名:
Organic matter from the Chicxulub crater exacerbated the K-Pg impact winter
作者: Lyons S.L.; Karp A.T.; Bralower T.J.; Grice K.; Schaefer B.; Gulick S.P.S.; Morgan J.V.; Freeman K.H.
刊名: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
ISSN: 0027-8424
出版年: 2020
卷: 117, 期:41
起始页码: 25327
结束页码: 25334
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Chicxulub impact crater ; Cretaceous-Paleogene ; Impact winter ; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ; Wildfires
Scopus关键词: black carbon ; carbon ; carbonic acid ; organic matter ; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ; sulfate ; aerosol ; Article ; atmosphere ; carbon source ; dust ; end Cretaceous mass extinction ; heating ; impact winter ; natural science ; photosynthesis ; priority journal ; reaction duration (chemistry) ; sea ; sediment ; stratigraphy ; wildfire
英文摘要: An asteroid impact in the Yucatán Peninsula set off a sequence of events that led to the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) mass extinction of 76% species, including the nonavian dinosaurs. The impact hit a carbonate platform and released sulfate aerosols and dust into Earth's upper atmosphere, which cooled and darkened the planet - a scenario known as an impact winter. Organic burn markers are observed in K-Pg boundary records globally, but their source is debated. If some were derived from sedimentary carbon, and not solely wildfires, it implies soot from the target rock also contributed to the impact winter. Characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the Chicxulub crater sediments and at two deep ocean sites indicate a fossil carbon source that experienced rapid heating, consistent with organic matter ejected during the formation of the crater. Furthermore, PAH size distributions proximal and distal to the crater indicate the ejected carbon was dispersed globally by atmospheric processes. Molecular and charcoal evidence indicates wildfires were also present but more delayed and protracted and likely played a less acute role in biotic extinctions than previously suggested. Based on stratigraphy near the crater, between 7.5 × 1014and 2.5 × 1015g of black carbon was released from the target and ejected into the atmosphere, where it circulated the globe within a few hours. This carbon, together with sulfate aerosols and dust, initiated an impact winter and global darkening that curtailed photosynthesis and is widely considered to have caused the K-Pg mass extinction. © 2020 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/163382
Appears in Collections:气候变化与战略

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作者单位: Lyons, S.L., Department of Geosciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States; Karp, A.T., Department of Geosciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States; Bralower, T.J., Department of Geosciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States; Grice, K., Western Australia Organic and Isotope Geochemistry Centre, School of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Institute for Geoscience Research, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia; Schaefer, B., Western Australia Organic and Isotope Geochemistry Centre, School of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Institute for Geoscience Research, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia; Gulick, S.P.S., Institute for Geophysics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78758, United States, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, United States, Center for Planetary Systems Habitability, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, United States; Morgan, J.V., Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom; Freeman, K.H., Department of Geosciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States

Recommended Citation:
Lyons S.L.,Karp A.T.,Bralower T.J.,et al. Organic matter from the Chicxulub crater exacerbated the K-Pg impact winter[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2020-01-01,117(41)
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