globalchange  > 气候变化与战略
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1907571116
论文题名:
Airborne concentrations and chemical considerations of radioactive ruthenium from an undeclared major nuclear release in 2017
作者: Masson O.; Steinhauser G.; Zok D.; Saunier O.; Angelov H.; Babić D.; Bečková V.; Bieringer J.; Bruggeman M.; Burbidge C.I.; Conil S.; Dalheimer A.; De Geer L.-E.; De Vismes Ott A.; Eleftheriadis K.; Estier S.; Fischer H.; Garavaglia M.G.; Gasco Leonarte C.; Gorzkiewicz K.; Hainz D.; Hoffman I.; Hýža M.; Isajenko K.; Karhunen T.; Kastlander J.; Katzlberger C.; Kierepko R.; Knetsch G.-J.; Kövendiné Kónyi J.; Lecomte M.; Mietelski J.W.; Min P.; Møller B.; Nielsen S.P.; Nikolic J.; Nikolovska L.; Penev I.; Petrinec B.; Povinec P.P.; Querfeld R.; Raimondi O.; Ransby D.; Ringer W.; Romanenko O.; Rusconi R.; Saey P.R.J.; Samsonov V.; Šilobritiene B.; Simion E.; Söderström C.; Šoštarić M.; Steinkopff T.; Steinmann P.; Sýkora I.; Tabachnyi L.; Todorovic D.; Tomankiewicz E.; Tschiersch J.; Tsibranski R.; Tzortzis M.; Ungar K.; Vidic A.; Weller A.; Wershofen H.; Zagyvai P.; Zalewska T.; Zapata García D.; Zorko B.
刊名: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
ISSN: 0027-8424
出版年: 2019
卷: 116, 期:34
起始页码: 16750
结束页码: 16759
语种: 英语
Scopus关键词: cerium 144 ; nuclear fuel ; ruthenium 106 ; airborne particle ; aqueous solution ; Article ; Asia ; atmospheric deposition ; atmospheric radioactivity ; concentration (parameter) ; controlled study ; Europe ; geographic distribution ; Italy ; neutrino ; nuclear accident ; nuclear energy ; nuclear fuel reprocessing ; nuclear power plant ; plume ; priority journal ; radiation detection ; radiation measurement ; radioactive pollution ; radiometric dating ; Russian Federation ; sampling ; temperature
英文摘要: In October 2017, most European countries reported unique atmospheric detections of aerosol-bound radioruthenium (106Ru). The range of concentrations varied from some tenths of μBq·m-3 to more than 150 mBq·m-3. The widespread detection at such considerable (yet innocuous) levels suggested a considerable release. To compare activity reports of airborne 106Ru with different sampling periods, concentrations were reconstructed based on the most probable plume presence duration at each location. Based on airborne concentration spreading and chemical considerations, it is possible to assume that the release occurred in the Southern Urals region (Russian Federation). The 106Ru age was estimated to be about 2 years. It exhibited highly soluble and less soluble fractions in aqueous media, high radiopurity (lack of concomitant radionuclides), and volatility between 700 and 1,000 °C, thus suggesting a release at an advanced stage in the reprocessing of nuclear fuel. The amount and isotopic characteristics of the radioruthenium release may indicate a context with the production of a large 144Ce source for a neutrino experiment. © 2019 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/163540
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作者单位: Masson, O., Direction de l'Environnement, Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, St Paul lez Durance, 13115, France; Steinhauser, G., Institute of Radioecology and Radiation Protection, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Hannover, 30419, Germany; Zok, D., Institute of Radioecology and Radiation Protection, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Hannover, 30419, Germany; Saunier, O., Service des Situations d'Urgence et d'Organisation de Crise, Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, Fontenay-Aux-Roses, 92260, France; Angelov, H., Basic Environmental Observatory Moussala, Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Sofia, BG-1784, Bulgaria; Babić, D., Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, 10001, Croatia; Bečková, V., Section of Monitoring, National Radiation Protection Institute, Prague 4, 140 00, Czech Republic; Bieringer, J., Atmosphärische Radioaktivität und Spurenanalyse, Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz, Freiburg im Breisgau, 79098, Germany; Bruggeman, M., StudieCentrum voor Kernenergie-Centre d'Etude de l'Energie Nucléaire, Mol, 2400, Belgium; Burbidge, C.I., Office of Radiation Protection and Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Protection Agency, Dublin, D14 H424, Ireland; Conil, S., Observatoire Pérenne de l'Environnement, Agence Nationale des Déchets Radioactifs, Bure, 55290, France; Dalheimer, A., Deutscher Wetterdienst, Offenbach, 63067, Germany; De Geer, L.-E., Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Defence and Security Division, Swedish Defence Research Agency, Stockholm, 16490, Sweden; De Vismes Ott, A., Laboratoire de Mesure de la Radioactivité dans l'Environnement, Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté, Orsay, 91400, France; Eleftheriadis, K., Institute of Nuclear and Radiological Sciences and Technology, Energy and Safety, National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos, Athens, 15310, Greece; Estier, S., Environmental Radioactivity Section, Federal Office of Public Health, Liebefeld, CH-3097, Switzerland; Fischer, H., Radioactivity Measurements Laboratory, University of Bremen, Bremen, 28359, Germany; Garavaglia, M.G., Dipartimento Prevenzione, Agenzia Regionale per la Protezione dell'Ambiente Del Friuli Venezia Giulia, Udine, 33100, Italy; Gasco Leonarte, C., Unidad de Radiactividad Ambiental y Vigilancia Radiológica, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, Madrid, 28040, Spain; Gorzkiewicz, K., Department of Nuclear Physical Chemistry, Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kraków, 31-342, Poland; Hainz, D., Atominstitut, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, 1020, Austria; Hoffman, I., Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 1C1, Canada; Hýža, M., Section of Monitoring, National Radiation Protection Institute, Prague 4, 140 00, Czech Republic; Isajenko, K., Central Laboratory for Radiological Protection, Warsaw, PL 03-134, Poland; Karhunen, T., Environmental Monitoring, Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority, Helsinki, FI-00881, Finland; Kastlander, J., Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Defence and Security Division, Swedish Defence Research Agency, Stockholm, 16490, Sweden; Katzlberger, C., Department of Radiation Protection and Technical Quality Assurance, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, Vienna, 1220, Austria; Kierepko, R., Department of Nuclear Physical Chemistry, Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kraków, 31-342, Poland; Knetsch, G.-J., Centre for Environmental Safety and Security, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, BA Bilthoven, NL-3720, Netherlands; Kövendiné Kónyi, J., Division of Environmental and Public Radiohygiene, National Research Institute for Radiobiology and Radiohygiene, Budapest, H-1221, Hungary; Lecomte, M., Division de la Radioprotection, Ministère de la Santé, Luxembourg, L-2120, Luxembourg; Mietelski, J.W., Department of Nuclear Physical Chemistry, Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kraków, 31-342, Poland; Min, P., National Commission for Nuclear Activities Control, District 5, Bucharest, 050706, Romania; Møller, B., Emergency Preparedness and Response, Norwegian Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority, Svanvik, NO-9925, Norway; Nielsen, S.P., Center for Nuclear Technologies, Technical University of Denmark (DTU) Risø, Roskilde, DK-4000, Denmark; Nikolic, J., Department of Radiation and Environmental Protection, Institute for Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, 11351, Serbia; Nikolovska, L., Radiology Laboratories, Institute of Public Health, Skopje, 1000, North Macedonia; Penev, I., Basic Environmental Observatory Moussala, Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Sofia, BG-1784, Bulgaria; Petrinec, B., Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, 10001, Croatia; Povinec, P.P., Department of Nuclear Physics and Biophysics, Comenius University, Bratislava, 84248, Slovakia; Querfeld, R., Institute of Radioecology and Radiation Protection, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Hannover, 30419, Germany; Raimondi, O., Tutela dell'Ambiente Naturale e Costruito, Dipartimento Prevenzione, Borgo Maggiore, 47893, San Marino; Ransby, D., Computing Centre, Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, 27570, Germany; Ringer, W., Department of Radon and Radioecology, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, Linz, 4020, Austria; Romanenko, O., Rivne Nuclear Power Plant, National Nuclear Energy Generating Company Energoatom, Rivne Oblast, 34400, Ukraine; Rusconi, R., Centro Regionale Radioprotezione, Agenzia Regionale per la Protezione dell'Ambiente della Lombardia, Milan, 20124, Italy; Saey, P.R.J., Atominstitut, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, 1020, Austria; Samsonov, V., Republican Center of Hydrometeorology, Radioactive Contamination Control and Environmental Monitoring, Minsk, 220114, Belarus; Šilobritiene, B., Environmental Protection Agency, Vilnius, 09311, Lithuania; Simion, E., National Reference Laboratory, National Environmental Protection Agency, Bucharest, 060031, Romania; Söderström, C., Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Defence and Security Division, Swedish Defence Research Agency, Stockholm, 16490, Sweden; Šoštarić, M., Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, 10001, Croatia; Steinkopff, T., Deutscher Wetterdienst, Offenbach, 63067, Germany; Steinmann, P., Environmental Radioactivity Section, Federal Office of Public Health, Liebefeld, CH-3097, Switzerland; Sýkora, I., Department of Nuclear Physics and Biophysics, Comenius University, Bratislava, 84248, Slovakia; Tabachnyi, L., Ukrainian Hydrometeorological Center, Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine; Todorovic, D., Department of Radiation and Environmental Protection, Institute for Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, 11351, Serbia; Tomankiewicz, E., Department of Nuclear Physical Chemistry, Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kraków, 31-342, Poland; Tschiersch, J., Institute of Radiation Medicine, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany; Tsibranski, R., Safety Department, Kozloduy Nuclear Power Plant, Kozloduy, 3321, Bulgaria; Tzortzis, M., Radiation Inspection and Control Services, Department of Labour Inspection, Nicosia, CY-1080, Cyprus; Ungar, K., Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 1C1, Canada; Vidic, A., Radiation Protection Center, Institute for Public Health, Sarajevo, 71000, Bosnia and Herzegovina; Weller, A., Institute of Radioecology and Radiation Protection, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Hannover, 30419, Germany; Wershofen, H., Environmental Radioactivity Laboratory, Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Braunschweig, 38116, Germany; Zagyvai, P., Centre for Energy Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, 1121, Hungary; Zalewska, T., Institute of Meteorology and Water Management, National Research Institute, Warsaw, 01673, Poland; Zapata García, D., Environmental Radioactivity Laboratory, Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Braunschweig, 38116, Germany; Zorko, B., Infrastructural Group for Ionizing Radiation Measurements, Institut Jožef Stefan, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia

Recommended Citation:
Masson O.,Steinhauser G.,Zok D.,et al. Airborne concentrations and chemical considerations of radioactive ruthenium from an undeclared major nuclear release in 2017[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2019-01-01,116(34)
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