globalchange  > 气候变化与战略
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2011515117
论文题名:
Floristic evidence for alternative biome states in tropical Africa
作者: Aleman J.C.; Fayolle A.; Favier C.; Staver A.C.; Dexter K.G.; Ryan C.M.; Azihou A.F.; Bauman D.; te Beest M.; Chidumayo E.N.; Comiskey J.A.; Cromsigt J.P.G.M.; Dessard H.; Doucet J.-L.; Finckh M.; Gillet J.-F.; Gourlet-Fleury S.; Hempson G.P.; Holdo R.M.; Kirunda B.; Kouame F.N.; Mahy G.; Maiato F.; Gonçalves P.; McNicol I.; Nieto Quintano P.; Plumptre A.J.; Pritchard R.C.; Revermann R.; Schmitt C.B.; Swemmer A.M.; Talila H.; Woollen E.; Swaine M.D.
刊名: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
ISSN: 0027-8424
出版年: 2020
卷: 117, 期:45
起始页码: 28183
结束页码: 28190
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Alternative stable states | tropical biomes | tree species composition precipitation and seasonality | fire
Scopus关键词: Africa ; article ; forest ; precipitation ; quantitative analysis ; savanna ; seasonal variation ; species composition
英文摘要: The idea that tropical forest and savanna are alternative states is crucial to how we manage these biomes and predict their future under global change. Large-scale empirical evidence for alternative stable states is limited, however, and comes mostly from the multimodal distribution of structural aspects of vegetation. These approaches have been criticized, as structure alone cannot separate out wetter savannas from drier forests for example, and there are also technical challenges to mapping vegetation structure in unbiased ways. Here, we develop an alternative approach to delimit the climatic envelope of the two biomes in Africa using tree species lists gathered for a large number of forest and savanna sites distributed across the continent. Our analyses confirm extensive climatic overlap of forest and savanna, supporting the alternative stable states hypothesis for Africa, and this result is corroborated by paleoecological evidence. Further, we find the two biomes to have highly divergent tree species compositions and to represent alternative compositional states. This allowed us to classify tree species as forest vs. savanna specialists, with some generalist species that span both biomes. In conjunction with georeferenced herbarium records, we mapped the forest and savanna distributions across Africa and quantified their environmental limits, which are primarily related to precipitation and seasonality, with a secondary contribution of fire. These results are important for the ongoing efforts to restore African ecosystems, which depend on accurate biome maps to set appropriate targets for the restored states but also provide empirical evidence for broad-scale bistability. © 2020 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/163958
Appears in Collections:气候变化与战略

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作者单位: Aleman, J.C., Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Université de Liège, Gembloux, 5030, Belgium, Département de Géographie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2V 0B3, Canada; Fayolle, A., Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Université de Liège, Gembloux, 5030, Belgium; Favier, C., Institut des Sciences de l’Evolution–Montpellier, CNRS, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Universitéde Montpellier, Montpellier, 34000, France; Staver, A.C., Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, United States; Dexter, K.G., School ofGeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9YL, United Kingdom, Tropical Diversity Section, Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH3 5LR, United Kingdom; Ryan, C.M., School ofGeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9YL, United Kingdom; Azihou, A.F., Laboratory of Applied Ecology, Faculty of Agronomic Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, 01 BP 526, Benin; Bauman, D., Environmental Change Institute, School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QY, United Kingdom, Plant Ecology andBiogeochemistry, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, 1050, Belgium; te Beest, M., Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CS, Netherlands, Centre for African Conservation Ecology, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, 6031, South Africa, Grasslands-Forests-Wetlands Node, South African Environmental Observation Network, Pietermaritzburg, 3201, South Africa; Chidumayo, E.N., Makeni Savanna ResearchProject, Ridgeway, Lusaka, 1001, Zambia; Comiskey, J.A., Inventory and Monitoring Program, National Park Service, Fredericksburg, VA 22405, United States, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20002, United States; Cromsigt, J.P.G.M., Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CS, Netherlands, Centre for African Conservation Ecology, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, 6031, South Africa, Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, SE-901 83, Sweden; Dessard, H., Forêts et Sociétés, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique Pour le Développement, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, 34000, France, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique Pour le Développement, Forêts et Sociétés, Montpellier, 34398, France; Doucet, J.-L., Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Université de Liège, Gembloux, 5030, Belgium; Finckh, M., Biodiversity, Evolution and Ecology of Plants, Institute of Plant Science and Microbiology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, 22609, Germany; Gillet, J.-F., Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Université de Liège, Gembloux, 5030, Belgium; Gourlet-Fleury, S., Forêts et Sociétés, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique Pour le Développement, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, 34000, France, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique Pour le Développement, Forêts et Sociétés, Montpellier, 34398, France; Hempson, G.P., Centre for African Ecology, School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2000, South Africa; Holdo, R.M., OdumSchool of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States; Kirunda, B., Wildlife Conservation Society, Kampala, Uganda; Kouame, F.N., Nature Sciences Unit, University Nangui, Abrogoua, 31 BP 165, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire; Mahy, G., Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Université de Liège, Gembloux, 5030, Belgium; Maiato, F., Tropical Diversity Section, Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH3 5LR, United Kingdom; Gonçalves, P., Herbário, Instituto Superior de Ciências da Educação da Huíla, Lubango, C.P. 230, Angola; McNicol, I., School ofGeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9YL, United Kingdom; Nieto Quintano, P., School ofGeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9YL, United Kingdom; Plumptre, A.J., Wildlife Conservation Society, Kampala, Uganda, Key Biodiversity Area Secretariat, C/c BirdLife International, Cambridge, CB2 3QZ, United Kingdom, Conservation Science Group, Zoology Department, Cambridge University, Cambridge, CB2 3EJ, United Kingdom; Pritchard, R.C., School ofGeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9YL, United Kingdom, Global Development Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom; Revermann, R., Biodiversity, Evolution and Ecology of Plants, Institute of Plant Science and Microbiology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, 22609, Germany, Faculty of Natural Resources and Spatial Sciences, Namibia University of Science and Technology, Windhoek, Namibia; Schmitt, C.B., Center forDevelopment Research, University of Bonn, Bonn, 53113, Germany, Nature Conservation and Landscape Ecology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, 79106, Germany; Swemmer, A.M., South African Environmental Observation Network, SAEON Ndlovu Node, Phalaborwa, 1390, South Africa; Talila, H., Department of Ecotourism, Biodiversity Conservation, College of Agriculture and Natural Resource, Madda Walabu University, Bale Robe, Ethiopia; Woollen, E., School ofGeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9YL, United Kingdom; Swaine, M.D., Institute of Biological, Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 3FX, United Kingdom

Recommended Citation:
Aleman J.C.,Fayolle A.,Favier C.,et al. Floristic evidence for alternative biome states in tropical Africa[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2020-01-01,117(45)
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