globalchange  > 气候变化与战略
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1915769117
论文题名:
Introduced herbivores restore late pleistocene ecological functions
作者: Lundgren E.J.; Ramp D.; Rowan J.; Middleton O.; Schowanek S.D.; Sanisidro O.; Carroll S.P.; Davis M.; Sandom C.J.; Svenning J.-C.; Wallach A.D.
刊名: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
ISSN: 0027-8424
出版年: 2020
卷: 117, 期:14
起始页码: 7871
结束页码: 7878
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Functional ecology ; Invasion ; Megafauna ; Novel ecosystems ; Restoration ecology
Scopus关键词: article ; ecology ; ecosystem ; extant species ; herbivore ; human ; introduced species ; mammal ; nonhuman ; shrub ; Upper Pleistocene ; wildfire ; animal ; biodiversity ; ecosystem ; evolution ; genetics ; herbivory ; introduced species ; physiology ; species extinction ; Animals ; Biodiversity ; Biological Evolution ; Ecosystem ; Extinction, Biological ; Herbivory ; Humans ; Introduced Species ; Mammals
英文摘要: Large-bodied mammalian herbivores dominated Earth's terrestrial ecosystems for several million years before undergoing substantial extinctions and declines during the Late Pleistocene (LP) due to prehistoric human impacts. The decline of large herbivores led to widespread ecological changes due to the loss of their ecological functions, as driven by their unique combinations of traits. However, recently, humans have significantly increased herbivore species richness through introductions in many parts of the world, potentially counteracting LP losses. Here, we assessed the extent to which introduced herbivore species restore lost-or contribute novel-functions relative to preextinction LP assemblages. We constructed multidimensional trait spaces using a trait database for all extant and extinct mammalian herbivores ≥10 kg known from the earliest LP (∼130,000 ybp) to the present day. Extinction-driven contractions of LP trait space have been offset through introductions by ∼39% globally. Analysis of trait space overlap reveals that assemblages with introduced species are overall more similar to those of the LP than native-only assemblages. This is because 64% of introduced species are more similar to extinct rather than extant species within their respective continents. Many introduced herbivores restore trait combinations that have the capacity to influence ecosystem processes, such as wildfire and shrub expansion in drylands. Although introduced species have long been a source of contention, our findings indicate that they may, in part, restore ecological functions reflective of the past several million years before widespread human-driven extinctions. © 2020 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/164258
Appears in Collections:气候变化与战略

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作者单位: Lundgren, E.J., Centre for Compassionate Conservation, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia; Ramp, D., Centre for Compassionate Conservation, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia; Rowan, J., Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, United States; Middleton, O., School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9RH, United Kingdom; Schowanek, S.D., Section for Ecoinformatics and Biodiversity, Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, DK 8000, Denmark, Center for Biodiversity Dynamics in a Changing World (BIOCHANGE), Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, DK 8000, Denmark; Sanisidro, O., Departamento Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, 28801, Spain, Department of Vertebrate Paleontology, Biodiversity Institute, University of KansasKS 66045, United States; Carroll, S.P., Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States, Institute for Contemporary Evolution, Davis, CA 95616, United States; Davis, M., Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, CA 90007, United States; Sandom, C.J., School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9RH, United Kingdom; Svenning, J.-C., Section for Ecoinformatics and Biodiversity, Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, DK 8000, Denmark, Center for Biodiversity Dynamics in a Changing World (BIOCHANGE), Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, DK 8000, Denmark; Wallach, A.D., Centre for Compassionate Conservation, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia

Recommended Citation:
Lundgren E.J.,Ramp D.,Rowan J.,et al. Introduced herbivores restore late pleistocene ecological functions[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2020-01-01,117(14)
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