globalchange  > 气候变化与战略
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1916828117
论文题名:
Quantitative detection of iodine in the stratosphere
作者: Koenig T.K.; Baidar S.; Campuzano-Jost P.; Cuevas C.A.; Dix B.; Fernandez R.P.; Guo H.; Hall S.R.; Kinnison D.; Nault B.A.; Ullmann K.; Jimenez J.L.; Saiz-Lopez A.; Volkamer R.
刊名: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
ISSN: 0027-8424
出版年: 2020
卷: 117, 期:4
起始页码: 1860
结束页码: 1866
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Gas phase ; Heterogeneous chemistry ; Iodine ; Stratospheric ozone ; UTLS
Scopus关键词: bromine ; chlorine ; iodate ; iodine ; ozone ; free radical ; iodine ; ozone ; Article ; atmosphere ; cold ; controlled study ; measurement ; oxidation ; pollution ; priority journal ; recycling ; solubility ; stratosphere ; temperature dependence ; tropopause ; air ; air pollutant ; aircraft ; chemistry ; human ; Air Movements ; Air Pollutants ; Aircraft ; Atmosphere ; Free Radicals ; Humans ; Iodine ; Ozone
英文摘要: Oceanic emissions of iodine destroy ozone, modify oxidative capacity, and can form new particles in the troposphere. However, the impact of iodine in the stratosphere is highly uncertain due to the lack of previous quantitative measurements. Here, we report quantitative measurements of iodine monoxide radicals and particulate iodine (Iy,part) from aircraft in the stratosphere. These measurements support that 0.77 ± 0.10 parts per trillion by volume (pptv) total inorganic iodine (Iy) is injected to the stratosphere. These high Iy amounts are indicative of active iodine recycling on ice in the upper troposphere (UT), support the upper end of recent Iy estimates (0 to 0.8 pptv) by the World Meteorological Organization, and are incompatible with zero stratospheric iodine injection. Gasphase iodine (Iy,gas) in the UT (0.67 ± 0.09 pptv) converts to Iy,part sharply near the tropopause. In the stratosphere, IO radicals remain detectable (0.06 ± 0.03 pptv), indicating persistent Iy,part recycling back to Iy,gas as a result of active multiphase chemistry. At the observed levels, iodine is responsible for 32% of the halogen-induced ozone loss (bromine 40%, chlorine 28%), due primarily to previously unconsidered heterogeneous chemistry. Anthropogenic (pollution) ozone has increased iodine emissions since preindustrial times (ca. factor of 3 since 1950) and could be partly responsible for the continued decrease of ozone in the lower stratosphere. Increasing iodine emissions have implications for ozone radiative forcing and possibly new particle formation near the tropopause. © 2020 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/164349
Appears in Collections:气候变化与战略

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作者单位: Koenig, T.K., Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, United States, Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, Boulder, CO 80309, United States; Baidar, S., Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, United States, Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, Boulder, CO 80309, United States, Chemical Sciences Division, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, CO 80305, United States; Campuzano-Jost, P., Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, United States, Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, Boulder, CO 80309, United States; Cuevas, C.A., Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate, Institute of Physical Chemistry Rocasolano, Spanish National Research Council, Madrid, 28006, Spain; Dix, B., Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, United States, Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, Boulder, CO 80309, United States; Fernandez, R.P., Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate, Institute of Physical Chemistry Rocasolano, Spanish National Research Council, Madrid, 28006, Spain, Institute for Interdisciplinary Science (ICB), School of Natural Sciences (FCEN), National University of Cuyo (UNCUYO), National Research Council (CONICET), Mendoza, 5501, Argentina; Guo, H., Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, United States, Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, Boulder, CO 80309, United States; Hall, S.R., Atmospheric Chemistry Observations and Modeling Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO 80301, United States; Kinnison, D., Atmospheric Chemistry Observations and Modeling Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO 80301, United States; Nault, B.A., Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, United States, Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, Boulder, CO 80309, United States; Ullmann, K., Atmospheric Chemistry Observations and Modeling Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO 80301, United States; Jimenez, J.L., Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, United States, Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, Boulder, CO 80309, United States; Saiz-Lopez, A., Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate, Institute of Physical Chemistry Rocasolano, Spanish National Research Council, Madrid, 28006, Spain; Volkamer, R., Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, United States, Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, Boulder, CO 80309, United States

Recommended Citation:
Koenig T.K.,Baidar S.,Campuzano-Jost P.,et al. Quantitative detection of iodine in the stratosphere[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2020-01-01,117(4)
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