globalchange  > 气候变化与战略
DOI: 10.5194/tc-14-309-2020
论文题名:
Glacier algae accelerate melt rates on the south-western Greenland Ice Sheet
作者: Cook J.M.; Tedstone A.J.; Williamson C.; McCutcheon J.; Hodson A.J.; Dayal A.; Skiles M.; Hofer S.; Bryant R.; McAree O.; McGonigle A.; Ryan J.; Anesio A.M.; Irvine-Fynn T.D.L.; Hubbard A.; Hanna E.; Flanner M.; Mayanna S.; Benning L.G.; Van As D.; Yallop M.; McQuaid J.B.; Gribbin T.; Tranter M.
刊名: Cryosphere
ISSN: 19940416
出版年: 2020
卷: 14, 期:1
起始页码: 309
结束页码: 330
语种: 英语
英文关键词: ablation ; absorption ; alga ; algal bloom ; colonization ; glacioeustacy ; melting ; remote sensing ; runoff ; satellite data ; sea level ; solar radiation ; unmanned vehicle ; Arctic ; Greenland ; Greenland Ice Sheet ; algae
英文摘要: Melting of the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) is the largest single contributor to eustatic sea level and is amplified by the growth of pigmented algae on the ice surface, which increases solar radiation absorption. This biological albedo-reducing effect and its impact upon sea level rise has not previously been quantified. Here, we combine field spectroscopy with a radiative-transfer model, supervised classification of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and satellite remote-sensing data, and runoff modelling to calculate biologically driven ice surface ablation. We demonstrate that algal growth led to an additional 4.4-6.0 Gt of runoff from bare ice in the south-western sector of the GrIS in summer 2017, representing 10%-13% of the total. In localized patches with high biomass accumulation, algae accelerated melting by up to 26.15±3.77% (standard error, SE). The year 2017 was a high-albedo year, so we also extended our analysis to the particularly low-albedo 2016 melt season. The runoff from the south-western bare-ice zone attributed to algae was much higher in 2016 at 8.8-12.2 Gt, although the proportion of the total runoff contributed by algae was similar at 9 %-13 %. Across a 10 000 km2 area around our field site, algae covered similar proportions of the exposed bare ice zone in both years (57.99% in 2016 and 58.89% in 2017), but more of the algal ice was classed as "high biomass" in 2016 (8.35 %) than 2017 (2.54 %). This interannual comparison demonstrates a positive feedback where more widespread, higher-biomass algal blooms are expected to form in highmelt years where the winter snowpack retreats further and earlier, providing a larger area for bloom development and also enhancing the provision of nutrients and liquid water liberated from melting ice. Our analysis confirms the importance of this biological albedo feedback and that its omission from predictive models leads to the systematic underestimation of Greenland's future sea level contribution, especially because both the bare-ice zones available for algal colonization and the length of the biological growth season are set to expand in the future. © Author(s) 2020.
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被引频次[WOS]:69   [查看WOS记录]     [查看WOS中相关记录]
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/164432
Appears in Collections:气候变化与战略

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作者单位: Department of Geography, University of Sheffield, Winter Street, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, S10 2TN, United Kingdom; Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, SY23 3DA, United Kingdom; Bristol Glaciology Centre, School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, Berkely Square, Bristol, BS8 1RL, United Kingdom; School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Tyndall Ave, Bristol, BS8 1TQ, United Kingdom; School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom; Department of Geology, University Centre in Svalbard, Longyearbyen, 9171, Norway; Department of Environmental Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Sogndal, 6856, Norway; Department of Geography, University of Utah, Central Campus Dr, Salt Lake City, UT, United States; Faculty of Science, Liverpool John Moores University, James Parsons Building, Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, United Kingdom; School of Geosciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Department of Geography and Earth Science, Aberystwyth UniversitySY23 3DB, United Kingdom; Institute at Brown for Environment and Society, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States; Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Roskilde, 4000, Denmark; Centre for Gas Hydrate, Environment and Climate, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, 9010, Norway; School of Geography and Lincoln Centre for Water and Planetary Health, University of Lincoln, Think Tank, Ruston Way, Lincoln, LN6 7DW, United Kingdom; Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering, University of Michigan, 2455 Hayward St., Ann Arbor, MI, United States; German Research Centre for Geosciences, GFZ, Potsdam, Germany; Department of Earth Sciences, University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, Copenhagen, Denmark

Recommended Citation:
Cook J.M.,Tedstone A.J.,Williamson C.,et al. Glacier algae accelerate melt rates on the south-western Greenland Ice Sheet[J]. Cryosphere,2020-01-01,14(1)
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