DOI: 10.5194/tc-15-2473-2021
论文题名: Analyses of Peace River Shallow Water Ice Profiling Sonar data and their implications for the roles played by frazil ice and in situ anchor ice growth in a freezing river
作者: Marko J.R. ; Topham D.R.
刊名: Cryosphere
ISSN: 19940416
出版年: 2021
卷: 15, 期: 5 起始页码: 2473
结束页码: 2489
语种: 英语
英文关键词: backscatter
; buoyancy
; cooling
; data interpretation
; mass balance
; observational method
; river bed
; river water
; shallow water
; sonar
; spatiotemporal analysis
; water column
英文摘要: Peace River SWIPS (Shallow Water Ice Profiling Sonar) data were analyzed to quantify the roles of frazil ice and riverbed anchor ice grown in situ during the initial buildup of a seasonal ice cover. Data were derived through quasi-continuous monitoring of frazil parameters throughout the water column, providing direct and indirect measures of anchor ice volume and mass growth rates. Analyses utilized water level and air and water temperature information in conjunction with acoustic volume backscattering coefficient data to track and interpret spatial and temporal changes in riverbed and water column ice. Interest focused on four frazil intervals characterized by anomalously low levels of frazil content (relative to simulations with an anchor-ice-free river ice model) as distinguished by two strikingly different types of time dependences. A simple physical model was proposed to quantitatively account for discrepancies between measured and simulated results in terms of the pronounced dominance of anchor ice as an initial source of river ice volume and mass. The distinctive differences in temporally variable water column frazil content are attributed, in this model, to corresponding differences in the stabilities of riverbed anchor ice layers against detachment and buoyancy-driven movement to the river surface. In accord with earlier observations, the stability of in situ grown riverbed ice layers appears to be inversely proportional to cooling rates. The strength of the coupling between the two studied ice species was shown to be strong enough to detect changes in the anchor ice constituent from variations in water column frazil content. © 2021 John R. Marko. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/164752
Appears in Collections: 气候变化与战略
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作者单位: ASL Environmental Sciences Inc., Saanichton, BC, Canada
Recommended Citation:
Marko J.R.,Topham D.R.. Analyses of Peace River Shallow Water Ice Profiling Sonar data and their implications for the roles played by frazil ice and in situ anchor ice growth in a freezing river[J]. Cryosphere,2021-01-01,15(5)