DOI: 10.5194/tc-15-233-2021
论文题名: Review article: Earth's ice imbalance
作者: Slater T. ; Lawrence I.R. ; Otosaka I.N. ; Shepherd A. ; Gourmelen N. ; Jakob L. ; Tepes P. ; Gilbert L. ; Nienow P.
刊名: Cryosphere
ISSN: 19940416
出版年: 2021
卷: 15, 期: 1 起始页码: 233
结束页码: 246
语种: 英语
英文关键词: cryosphere
; discharge
; glacier mass balance
; ice sheet
; ice shelf
; iceberg calving
; melting
; Northern Hemisphere
; observational method
; satellite data
; sea ice
; sea level
; Antarctica
; Arctic
; Greenland
; Greenland Ice Sheet
; Southern Ocean
英文摘要: We combine satellite observations and numerical models to show that Earth lost 28 trillion tonnes of ice between 1994 and 2017. Arctic sea ice (7.6 trillion tonnes), Antarctic ice shelves (6.5 trillion tonnes), mountain glaciers (6.1 trillion tonnes), the Greenland ice sheet (3.8 trillion tonnes), the Antarctic ice sheet (2.5 trillion tonnes), and Southern Ocean sea ice (0.9 trillion tonnes) have all decreased in mass. Just over half (58 %) of the ice loss was from the Northern Hemisphere, and the remainder (42 %) was from the Southern Hemisphere. The rate of ice loss has risen by 57 % since the 1990s - from 0.8 to 1.2 trillion tonnes per year - owing to increased losses from mountain glaciers, Antarctica, Greenland and from Antarctic ice shelves. During the same period, the loss of grounded ice from the Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets and mountain glaciers raised the global sea level by 34.6 ± 3.1 mm. The majority of all ice losses were driven by atmospheric melting (68 % from Arctic sea ice, mountain glaciers ice shelf calving and ice sheet surface mass balance), with the remaining losses (32 % from ice sheet discharge and ice shelf thinning) being driven by oceanic melting. Altogether, these elements of the cryosphere have taken up 3.2 % of the global energy imbalance. © 2021 Copernicus GmbH. All rights reserved. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/164809
Appears in Collections: 气候变化与战略
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作者单位: Centre for Polar Observation and Modelling, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom; School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9XP, United Kingdom; EarthWave Ltd, Edinburgh, EH9 3HJ, United Kingdom; Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Department of Space and Climate Physics, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
Recommended Citation:
Slater T.,Lawrence I.R.,Otosaka I.N.,et al. Review article: Earth's ice imbalance[J]. Cryosphere,2021-01-01,15(1)