DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2021.117003
论文题名: Onset and evolution of Kīlauea's 2018 flank eruption and summit collapse from continuous gravity
作者: Poland M.P. ; Carbone D. ; Patrick M.R.
刊名: Earth and Planetary Science Letters
ISSN: 0012821X
出版年: 2021
卷: 567 语种: 英语
中文关键词: fissure eruption
; gravity change
; Kīlauea volcano
; lava density
; lava lake
; volcano monitoring
英文关键词: Hydraulic structures
; Volcanoes
; Fissure eruption
; Flank eruptions
; Gravity changes
; Hawai'i
; Kīlauea volcano
; Lava density
; Lava lake
; Property
; Rift-zone eruptions
; Volcano monitoring
; Lakes
; collapse
; density
; gravity field
; lava
; monitoring
; three-dimensional modeling
; volcanic eruption
; Hawaii [(ISL) Hawaiian Islands]
; Hawaii [United States]
; Hawaiian Islands
; Kilauea
英文摘要: Prior to the 2018 lower East Rift Zone (ERZ) eruption and summit collapse of Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i, continuous gravimeters operated on the vent rims of ongoing eruptions at both the summit and Pu‘u ‘Ō‘ō. These instruments captured the onset of the 2018 lower ERZ eruption and the effects of lava withdrawal from both locales, providing constraints on the timing and style of activity and the physical properties of the lava lakes at both locations. At the summit, combining gravity, lava level, and a three-dimensional model of the vent indicates that the upper ∼200 m of the lava lake had a density of about 1700 kg m−3, slightly greater than estimates from 2011–2015 and possibly indicating a gradual densification over time. At Pu‘u ‘Ō‘ō, gravity and vent geometry were used to model both the density and the rate of crater collapse, which was unknown owing to a lack of visual observations. Results suggest the withdrawal of at least 11×106 m3 of lava over the course of two hours, and a material density of 1800–1900 kg m−3. In addition, gravity data at Pu‘u ‘Ō‘ō captured a transient decrease and increase about an hour prior to crater collapse and that was probably related to a small, short-lived fissure eruption on the west flank of the cone and possibly to dike intrusion beneath Pu‘u ‘Ō‘ō. The fissure was the first event in the subsequent cascade that ultimately led to the extrusion of over 1 km3 of lava from lower ERZ vents, collapse of the summit caldera floor by more than 500 m, and the destruction of over 700 homes and other structures. These results emphasize the importance of continuous gravity in operational monitoring of active volcanoes. © 2021 Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/165633
Appears in Collections: 气候变化与战略
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作者单位: U.S. Geological Survey, Cascades Volcano Observatory, 1300 SE Cardinal Ct., Suite 100, Vancouver, WA 98660, United States; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione di Catania, Osservatorio Etneo, Catania, 95125, Italy; U.S. Geological Survey, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory, 1266 Kamehameha Ave, Suite A8, Hilo, HI 96720, United States
Recommended Citation:
Poland M.P.,Carbone D.,Patrick M.R.. Onset and evolution of Kīlauea's 2018 flank eruption and summit collapse from continuous gravity[J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2021-01-01,567