globalchange  > 气候变化与战略
DOI: 10.1016/j.earscirev.2020.103364
论文题名:
Modern supratidal microbialites fed by groundwater: functional drivers, value and trajectories
作者: Rishworth G.M.; Dodd C.; Perissinotto R.; Bornman T.G.; Adams J.B.; Anderson C.R.; Cawthra H.C.; Dorrington R.A.; du Toit H.; Edworthy C.; Gibb R.-L.A.; Human L.R.D.; Isemonger E.W.; Lemley D.A.; Miranda N.A.F.; Peer N.; Raw J.L.; Smith A.M.; Steyn P.-P.; Strydom N.A.; Teske P.R.; Welman S.
刊名: Earth Science Reviews
ISSN: 00128252
出版年: 2020
卷: 210
语种: 英语
中文关键词: Biodiversity ; Ecosystem services ; Extant microbialites ; Peritidal ; Shore-platform stromatolites
英文关键词: biodiversity ; coastal zone ; ecosystem service ; groundwater ; habitat type ; marine environment ; microbial mat ; microbialite ; salinity ; stromatolite ; Australia ; Hebrides ; Northern Ireland ; Scotland ; United Kingdom ; Anthozoa ; Cyanobacteria ; Invertebrata ; Metazoa
英文摘要: Microbial mats were the dominant habitat type in shallow marine environments between the Palaeoarchean and Phanerozoic. Many of these (termed ‘microbialites’) calcified as they grew but such lithified mats are rare along modern coasts for reasons such as unsuitable water chemistry, destructive metazoan influences and competition with other reef-builders such as corals or macroalgae. Nonetheless, extant microbialites occur in unique coastal ecosystems such as the Exuma Cays, Bahamas or Lake Clifton and Hamelin Pool, Australia, where limitations such as calcium carbonate availability or destructive bioturbation are diminished. Along the coast of South Africa, extensive distributions of living microbialites (including layered stromatolites) have been discovered and described since the early 2000s. Unlike the Bahamian and Australian ecosystems, the South African microbialites form exclusively in the supratidal coastal zone at the convergence of emergent groundwater seepage. Similar systems were documented subsequently in southwestern Australia, Northern Ireland and the Scottish Hebrides, as recently as 2018, revealing that supratidal microbialites have a global distribution. This review uses the best-studied formations to contextualise formative drivers and processes of these supratidal ecosystems and highlight their geological, ecological and societal relevance. Dynamic interchanges between salinity states both exclude many destructive metazoans and competitors and provides optimal nutrient conditions for benthic microbial and microalgal growth. The outflowing groundwater seeps are alkaline and rich in calcium carbonate, which reflects local catchment geological processes. These habitats support a diverse microbial community dominated by Cyanobacteria as well as some metazoan species previously unknown to science, or unknown for the region. Several taxa (from invertebrates to fish) utilise this environment as refugia. Supratidal microbialites are important coastal features because of the organisms they support and the ecological processes that they facilitate, such as habitat connectivity. Culturally and socially, the value of these habitats is increasingly being appreciated, for example as traditional freshwater supply points or as an unrealised geotourism opportunity. This review also frames new information about threats, opportunities for future research and conservation trajectories for these unique geobiological habitats. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.
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被引频次[WOS]:5   [查看WOS记录]     [查看WOS中相关记录]
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/166231
Appears in Collections:气候变化与战略

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作者单位: Department of Zoology, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa; Institute for Coastal and Marine Research (CMR), Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa; DSI/NRF Research Chair: Shallow Water Ecosystems, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa; Department of Geosciences, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa; South African Environmental Observation Network (SAEON), Elwandle Coastal Node, Port Elizabeth, South Africa; Department of Botany, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa; Geophysics and Remote Sensing Unit, Council for Geoscience Western Cape Regional Office, Bellville, South Africa; African Centre for Coastal Palaeoscience, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa; Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa; The South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Makhanda, South Africa; Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa; School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Centre for Ecological Genomics and Wildlife Conservation, Department of Zoology, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, South Africa

Recommended Citation:
Rishworth G.M.,Dodd C.,Perissinotto R.,et al. Modern supratidal microbialites fed by groundwater: functional drivers, value and trajectories[J]. Earth Science Reviews,2020-01-01,210
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