DOI: 10.1111/ele.13754
论文题名: The ecological causes and consequences of hard and soft selection
作者: Bell D.A. ; Kovach R.P. ; Robinson Z.L. ; Whiteley A.R. ; Reed T.E.
刊名: Ecology Letters
ISSN: 1461023X
出版年: 2021
卷: 24, 期: 7 起始页码: 1505
结束页码: 1521
语种: 英语
中文关键词: eco-evolutionary dynamics
; evolutionary rescue
; global change
; hard selection
; inbreeding depression
; natural selection
; outbreeding depression
; population dynamics
; sexual selection
; soft selection
英文关键词: demographic trend
; demography
; fitness
; inbreeding depression
; natural selection
; phenotype
; population decline
; population dynamics
; population growth
; evolution
; genetic selection
; human
; inbreeding
; phenotype
; population dynamics
; Biological Evolution
; Humans
; Inbreeding
; Phenotype
; Population Dynamics
; Selection, Genetic
英文摘要: Interactions between natural selection and population dynamics are central to both evolutionary-ecology and biological responses to anthropogenic change. Natural selection is often thought to incur a demographic cost that, at least temporarily, reduces population growth. However, hard and soft selection clarify that the influence of natural selection on population dynamics depends on ecological context. Under hard selection, an individual's fitness is independent of the population's phenotypic composition, and substantial population declines can occur when phenotypes are mismatched with the environment. In contrast, under soft selection, an individual's fitness is influenced by its phenotype relative to other interacting conspecifics. Soft selection generally influences which, but not how many, individuals survive and reproduce, resulting in little effect on population growth. Despite these important differences, the distinction between hard and soft selection is rarely considered in ecology. Here, we review and synthesize literature on hard and soft selection, explore their ecological causes and implications and highlight their conservation relevance to climate change, inbreeding depression, outbreeding depression and harvest. Overall, these concepts emphasise that natural selection and evolution may often have negligible or counterintuitive effects on population growth—underappreciated outcomes that have major implications in a rapidly changing world. © 2021 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/166773
Appears in Collections: 气候变化与战略
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作者单位: Wildlife Biology Program, W.A. Franke College of Forestry and Conservation, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, United States; Montana Fish Wildlife and Parks, Missoula, MT, United States; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Lee Road, Cork, Ireland
Recommended Citation:
Bell D.A.,Kovach R.P.,Robinson Z.L.,et al. The ecological causes and consequences of hard and soft selection[J]. Ecology Letters,2021-01-01,24(7)