globalchange  > 气候变化与战略
DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2020.111601
论文题名:
Nuclear fuel reprocessing: Can pyro-processing reduce nuclear proliferation risk?
作者: Woo S.M.; Chirayath S.S.; Fuhrmann M.
刊名: Energy Policy
ISSN: 03014215
出版年: 2020
卷: 144
语种: 英语
中文关键词: Non-proliferation ; Nuclear fuel cycle ; Pyro-processing ; Safeguards
英文关键词: Fuels ; Ingots ; Plutonium ; Radioactive materials ; Sampling ; Satellite imagery ; Sustainable development ; Uranium ; Administrative measures ; Environmental sampling ; Long-term sustainability ; Nuclear proliferation ; Processing facilities ; Special nuclear materials ; Technical challenges ; Transuranic elements ; Nuclear fuel reprocessing ; administrative system ; alternative energy ; fuel cell ; fuel consumption ; nuclear power plant ; numerical model ; renewable resource ; strategic approach
英文摘要: The long-term sustainability of nuclear energy requires a closed fuel cycle in which used fuel is reprocessed and recycled. Unlike the PUREX process, which produces a pure plutonium product, pyro-processing produces a depleted uranium ingot and a mixed ingot of depleted uranium and transuranic elements (neptunium, plutonium, americium, and curium) in the ratio 1:1. This seems to suggest that pyro-processing has a lower nuclear proliferation risk compared to PUREX because of the non-availability of a pure Pu product in pyro-processing. In this paper, we study some of the technical challenges in safeguarding a pyro-processing facility with respect to various special nuclear material (SNM) diversion scenarios and propose some possible solutions. We also analyze the misuse of pyro-processing in tandem with a covert PUREX facility. Wide-area environmental sampling and satellite imagery could detect the misuse. Additional strategies recommended are: employment of resident inspectors, establishment of dedicated nuclear safeguards funds, and international sanctions against the misuse of pyro-processing facilities. Results of the study show that suggested technical and administrative measures can make SNM diversion from a pyro-processing facility extremely difficult. We conclude that the use of pyro-processing in place of PUREX in a closed fuel cycle can lower the proliferation risk. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/167584
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作者单位: Center for Nuclear Security Science and Policy Initiatives, College Station, TX 77843, United States; Department of Nuclear Engineering, College Station, TX 77843, United States; Department of Political Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States; Department of Nuclear and Energy Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, South Korea

Recommended Citation:
Woo S.M.,Chirayath S.S.,Fuhrmann M.. Nuclear fuel reprocessing: Can pyro-processing reduce nuclear proliferation risk?[J]. Energy Policy,2020-01-01,144
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