DOI: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2019.102017
论文题名: Allocating planetary boundaries to large economies: Distributional consequences of alternative perspectives on distributive fairness
作者: Lucas P.L. ; Wilting H.C. ; Hof A.F. ; van Vuuren D.P.
刊名: Global Environmental Change
ISSN: 9593780
出版年: 2020
卷: 60 语种: 英语
中文关键词: Budget allocation
; Environmental footprints
; Equity
; MRIO modelling
; Planetary boundaries
英文关键词: allocative efficiency
; biogeochemistry
; climate change
; ecological footprint
; economic growth
; environmental economics
; equity
; planetary atmosphere
; socioeconomic conditions
; sustainable development
; China
; India
; United States
英文摘要: The planetary boundaries (PBs) framework proposes global quantitative precautionary limits for human perturbation of nine critical Earth system processes. Together they define a global safe operating space for human development. Translating the global limits to the national level increases their policy relevance. Such translation essentially divides up the global safe operating space. What is considered fair distribution is a political decision and there is no globally agreed principle that can be applied. Here, we analyse the distributional consequences of alternative perspectives on distributive fairness. We scale the global limits of selected PBs to resource budgets for the EU, US, China and India, using three allocation approaches from the climate change literature. Furthermore, we compare the allocated budgets to 2010 environmental footprints of the four economies, to assess their performance with respect to the selected PBs. The allocation approaches are based on (1) current shares of global environmental pressure (‘grandfathering’); (2) ‘equal per capita’ shares, and (3) ‘ability to pay’ to reduce environmental pressure. The results show that the four economies are not living within the global safe operating space. Their 2010 environmental footprints are larger than the allocated budgets for all approaches and parameterisations analysed for the PBs for climate change and biogeochemical flows, and, except for India, also for the PB for biosphere integrity. Grandfathering was found to be most favourable for the EU and US for all PBs, and ability to pay as least favourable. For climate change and biogeochemical flows, ability to pay even resulted in negative resource budgets for the two economies. In contrast, for China and India, equal per capita allocation and ability to pay were most favourable. Results were sensitive to the parameterisation. Accounting for future population growth in the equal per capita approach benefits India, with lower budgets for the EU, US and China, while accounting for future economic growth in ability to pay benefits the EU and US, with lower budgets for China and India. Our results underline the need for all four economies to act, while hinting at diverging preferences for specific allocation approaches. The methodology and results may help countries to define policy targets in line with global ambitions, such as those defined by the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), accounting for differences in countries’ circumstances and capacities. Further attention is required for PB-specific allocation approaches and integration of biophysical and socioeconomic considerations in the allocation. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/168198
Appears in Collections: 气候变化与战略
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作者单位: PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency, The Hague, Netherlands; Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
Recommended Citation:
Lucas P.L.,Wilting H.C.,Hof A.F.,et al. Allocating planetary boundaries to large economies: Distributional consequences of alternative perspectives on distributive fairness[J]. Global Environmental Change,2020-01-01,60