DOI: 10.1038/s41561-020-0571-8
论文题名: Significant methane ebullition from alpine permafrost rivers on the East Qinghai–Tibet Plateau
作者: Zhang L. ; Xia X. ; Liu S. ; Zhang S. ; Li S. ; Wang J. ; Wang G. ; Gao H. ; Zhang Z. ; Wang Q. ; Wen W. ; Liu R. ; Yang Z. ; Stanley E.H. ; Raymond P.A.
刊名: Nature Geoscience
ISSN: 17520894
出版年: 2020
卷: 13, 期: 5 起始页码: 349
结束页码: 354
语种: 英语
英文关键词: air-water interaction
; carbon dioxide
; carbon emission
; concentration (composition)
; cryosphere
; greenhouse gas
; methane
; permafrost
; China
; Qinghai-Xizang Plateau
英文摘要: Inland waters are large sources of methane to the atmosphere. However, considerable uncertainty exists in estimating the emissions of this potent greenhouse gas from global streams and rivers due, in part, to a lack of direct measurements in the high-altitude cryosphere and poor accounting for ebullition. Here we present methane concentrations and fluxes over three years in four basins on the East Qinghai–Tibet Plateau. Methane ebullition rates decrease exponentially whereas diffusion declines linearly with increasing stream order. Nonetheless, the average ebullition rate (11.9 mmolCH4 m−2 d−1) from these streams and rivers—which have large organic stocks in surrounding permafrost, abundant cold-tolerant methanogens, shallow water depths, and experience low air pressure—were six times greater than the global average and reached a maximum of 374.4 mmolCH4 m−2 d−1. Upscaled total emissions from sampled third- to seventh-order waterways of the East Qinghai–Tibet Plateau are estimated to be 0.20 TgCH4 yr−1, 79% of which was attributed to ebullition. These methane emissions are approximately 20% of CO2 emissions (2.70 TgCO2 yr−1) in terms of carbon release and two times greater in terms of CO2-equivalent emissions. When upscaled to first- to seventh-order waterways, we estimate emissions of 0.37–1.23 TgCH4 yr−1. Our findings demonstrate that high-elevation rivers on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau are hotspots of methane delivery to the atmosphere. The large ebullitive fluxes, which constitute a substantial fraction of global fluvial methane emissions, reveal a positive feedback between climate warming, permafrost thaw and methane emissions. © 2020, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/169699
Appears in Collections: 气候变化与战略
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作者单位: Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China; School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States; Department of Mathematics, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong; Center for Limnology, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, United States
Recommended Citation:
Zhang L.,Xia X.,Liu S.,et al. Significant methane ebullition from alpine permafrost rivers on the East Qinghai–Tibet Plateau[J]. Nature Geoscience,2020-01-01,13(5)