Validation of TOF-SIMS and FE-SEM/EDS Techniques Combined with Sorption and Desorption Experiments to Check Competitive and Individual Pb2+ and Cd2+ Association with Components of B Soil Horizons
Sorption and desorption experiments were performed by the batch method on the B horizons of five natural soils: Umbric Cambisol, Endoleptic Luvisol, Mollic Umbrisol, Dystric Umbrisol, and Dystric Fluvisol. Individual and competitive sorption and desorption capacity and hysteresis were determined. The results showed that Pb2+ was sorbed and retained in a greater quantity than Cd2+ and that the hysteresis of the first was greater than that of the second. The most influential characteristics of the sorption and retention of Pb2+ were pH, ECEC, Fe and Mn oxides and clay contents. For Cd2+ they were mainly pH and, to a lesser extent, Mn oxides and clay content. The combined use of TOF-SIMS, FE-SEM/EDS and sorption and desorption analyses was suitable for achieving a better understanding of the interaction between soil components and the two heavy metals. They show the preferential association of Pb2+ with vermiculite, chlorite, Fe and Mn oxides, and of Cd2+ with the same components, although to a much lesser extent and intensity. This was due to the latter’s higher mobility as it competed unfavourably with the Pb2+ sorption sites. TOF-SIMS and FE-SEM/EDS techniques confirmed the results of the sorption experiments, and also provided valuable information on whether the soil components (individually or in association) retain Cd2+ and / or Pb2+; this could help to propose effective measures for the remediation of contaminated soils.
Department of Plant Biology and Soil Science, Faculty of Biology, University of Vigo, Lagoas, Marcosende, Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain;Department of Plant Biology and Soil Science, Faculty of Biology, University of Vigo, Lagoas, Marcosende, Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain;Department of Plant Biology and Soil Science, Faculty of Biology, University of Vigo, Lagoas, Marcosende, Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain;Department of Plant Biology and Soil Science, Faculty of Biology, University of Vigo, Lagoas, Marcosende, Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain
Recommended Citation:
Beatriz Cerqueira,Daniel Arenas-Lago,María Luisa Andrade,et al. Validation of TOF-SIMS and FE-SEM/EDS Techniques Combined with Sorption and Desorption Experiments to Check Competitive and Individual Pb2+ and Cd2+ Association with Components of B Soil Horizons[J]. PLOS ONE,2015-01-01,10(4)