globalchange  > 过去全球变化的重建
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137456
论文题名:
The Oldest Case of Decapitation in the New World (Lapa do Santo, East-Central Brazil)
作者: André Strauss; Rodrigo Elias Oliveira; Danilo V. Bernardo; Domingo C. Salazar-García; Sahra Talamo; Klervia Jaouen; Mark Hubbe; Sue Black; Caroline Wilkinson; Michael Phillip Richards; Astolfo G. M. Araujo; Renato Kipnis; Walter Alves Neves
刊名: PLOS ONE
ISSN: 1932-6203
出版年: 2015
发表日期: 2015-9-23
卷: 10, 期:9
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Skull ; Head ; Osteology ; Archaeology ; Cranium ; Radioactive carbon dating ; Archaeological excavation ; Holocene epoch
英文摘要: We present here evidence for an early Holocene case of decapitation in the New World (Burial 26), found in the rock shelter of Lapa do Santo in 2007. Lapa do Santo is an archaeological site located in the Lagoa Santa karst in east-central Brazil with evidence of human occupation dating as far back as 11.7–12.7 cal kyBP (95.4% interval). An ultra-filtered AMS age determination on a fragment of the sphenoid provided an age range of 9.1–9.4 cal kyBP (95.4% interval) for Burial 26. The interment was composed of an articulated cranium, mandible and first six cervical vertebrae. Cut marks with a v-shaped profile were observed in the mandible and sixth cervical vertebra. The right hand was amputated and laid over the left side of the face with distal phalanges pointing to the chin and the left hand was amputated and laid over the right side of the face with distal phalanges pointing to the forehead. Strontium analysis comparing Burial 26’s isotopic signature to other specimens from Lapa do Santo suggests this was a local member of the group. Therefore, we suggest a ritualized decapitation instead of trophy-taking, testifying for the sophistication of mortuary rituals among hunter-gatherers in the Americas during the early Archaic period. In the apparent absence of wealth goods or elaborated architecture, Lapa do Santo’s inhabitants seemed to use the human body to express their cosmological principles regarding death.
URL: http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0137456&type=printable
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/22653
Appears in Collections:过去全球变化的重建
影响、适应和脆弱性
科学计划与规划
气候变化与战略
全球变化的国际研究计划
气候减缓与适应
气候变化事实与影响

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作者单位: Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany;Laboratório de Estudos Evolutivos Humanos, Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil;Laboratório de Estudos Evolutivos Humanos, Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil;Instituto de Ciências Humanas e da Informação, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Brazil;Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany;Department of Archaeology, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa;Departament de Prehistòria i Arqueologia, Universitat de València, València, Spain;Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany;Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany;The Ohio State University, Department of Anthropology, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America;Instituto de Investigaciones Arqueológicas y Museo, Universidad Católica der Norte, San Pedro de Atacama, Chile;University of Dundee, Centre for Anatomy & Human Identification, Dundee, United Kingdom;University of Dundee, Centre for Anatomy & Human Identification, Dundee, United Kingdom;Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany;Department of Anthropology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada;Laboratório de Estudos Evolutivos Humanos, Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil;Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas em Evolução, Cultura e Meio Ambiente, Museu de Arqueologia e Etnologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil;Laboratório de Estudos Evolutivos Humanos, Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil;Scientia Consultoria Científica Ltda., São Paulo, Brazil;Laboratório de Estudos Evolutivos Humanos, Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

Recommended Citation:
André Strauss,Rodrigo Elias Oliveira,Danilo V. Bernardo,et al. The Oldest Case of Decapitation in the New World (Lapa do Santo, East-Central Brazil)[J]. PLOS ONE,2015-01-01,10(9)
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