| DOI: | 10.2172/983195
|
| 报告号: | DOE/ER/64400-1
|
| 报告题名: | Summary of the ARM activities at ECMWF from 2007-2009 |
| 作者: | Maike Ahlgrimm; Anton Beljaars
|
| 出版年: | 2010
|
| 发表日期: | 2010-07-13
|
| 国家: | 美国
|
| 语种: | 英语
|
| 英文关键词: | clouds
; radiation
; climate models
; numerical weather prediction
; cloud lidar
|
| 中文主题词: | 气溶胶
; 大气辐射
; 对流
; 云
; 扩散
; 激光雷达
|
| 主题词: | AEROSOLS
; ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION
; CONVECTION
; CLOUDS
; DIFFUSION
; LIDAR
|
| 英文摘要: | The European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), as one of the leading centres in numerical weather prediction, has been an active user of observations for model evaluation for many years. Many examples exist where detailed experimental studies have inspired model improvement. To establish a link between the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) research and ECMWF's model development, funding was provided for an \u201cARM fellow\u201d at ECMWF. Furthermore, ECMWF has been working closely with ARM related projects for many years. ECMWF provides operational analysis data for the ARM stations (permanent and mobile) as background meteorological information and ECMWF has implemented the Rapid Radiative Transport Model long wave and short wave schemes as radiation codes in the operational system. These codes were developed at Atmospheric and Environmental Research Inc. with ARM support and were extensively evaluated using detailed ARM observations. This short report describes the history of the ARM-fellowship at ECMWF and summarizes the achievements over the last 3 years. The emphasis of the ARM funded work over the last 3 years has been on further development and evaluation of a new shallow convection scheme in the context of ECMWF's Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) system. The shallow convection scheme is based on the DualM approach which combines Eddy Diffusion with a Dual Mass flux concept. One of the mass fluxes describes the dry updraughts, whereas the second updraught saturates at cloud base and penetrates into the cloud. The new scheme was optimized using single column cases from a wide range of climatological regimes. Further evaluation of the 3-dimensional model using Lidar data from space (CALIPSO) clearly indicates that the resulting cloud structures are much more realistic than the ones produced by the control model (Tiedtke mass flux scheme). Additionally, data from the ARM mobile facility in 2006 in Niamey has been used to evaluate the surface energy balance in the ECMWF model. It turns out that substantial errors exist in the radiative and turbulent fluxes in the Sahel. These energy budget errors are believed to be detrimental to the simulated flow over West Africa. This was the first time that such verification was possible. It is obvious that the radiative impact of aerosols needs further investigation. |
| URL: | http://www.osti.gov/scitech/servlets/purl/983195
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| Citation statistics: |
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| 资源类型: | 研究报告
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| 标识符: | http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/39737
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| Appears in Collections: | 过去全球变化的重建
影响、适应和脆弱性
科学计划与规划
气候变化与战略
全球变化的国际研究计划
气候减缓与适应
气候变化事实与影响
|