Impacts of white-tailed deer on red trillium (<i>Trillium recurvatum</i>): defining a threshold for deer browsing pressure at the Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore
Overabundant white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) have been a concern for land managers in eastern North America because of their impacts on native forest ecosystems. Managers have sought native plant species to serve as phytoindicators of
Pavlovic, Noel B. npavlovic@usgs.gov,Leicht-Young, Stacey A.,Grundel, Ralph rgrundel@usgs.gov. Impacts of white-tailed deer on red trillium (<i>Trillium recurvatum</i>): defining a threshold for deer browsing pressure at the Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore. 2014-01-01.