DOI: 10.5194/cp-12-129-2016
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84958729339
论文题名: Climate-driven expansion of blanket bogs in Britain during the Holocene
作者: Gallego-Sala A.V. ; Charman D.J. ; Harrison S.P. ; Li G. ; Prentice I.C.
刊名: Climate of the Past
ISSN: 18149324
出版年: 2016
卷: 12, 期: 1 起始页码: 129
结束页码: 136
语种: 英语
Scopus关键词: bioclimatology
; blanket bog
; climate effect
; climate modeling
; climate variation
; forest clearance
; human activity
; land use change
; Neolithic
; paleoclimate
; palynology
; reconstruction
; England
; Ireland
; Scotland
; United Kingdom
; United Kingdom
; Wales
英文摘要: Blanket bog occupies approximately 6 % of the area of the UK today. The Holocene expansion of this hyperoceanic biome has previously been explained as a consequence of Neolithic forest clearance. However, the present distribution of blanket bog in Great Britain can be predicted accurately with a simple model (PeatStash) based on summer temperature and moisture index thresholds, and the same model correctly predicts the highly disjunct distribution of blanket bog worldwide. This finding suggests that climate, rather than land-use history, controls blanket-bog distribution in the UK and everywhere else. We set out to test this hypothesis for blanket bogs in the UK using bioclimate envelope modelling compared with a database of peat initiation age estimates. We used both pollen-based reconstructions and climate model simulations of climate changes between the mid-Holocene (6000 yr BP, 6 ka) and modern climate to drive PeatStash and predict areas of blanket bog. We compiled data on the timing of blanket-bog initiation, based on 228 age determinations at sites where peat directly overlies mineral soil. The model predicts that large areas of northern Britain would have had blanket bog by 6000 yr BP, and the area suitable for peat growth extended to the south after this time. A similar pattern is shown by the basal peat ages and new blanket bog appeared over a larger area during the late Holocene, the greatest expansion being in Ireland, Wales, and southwest England, as the model predicts. The expansion was driven by a summer cooling of about 2 °C, shown by both pollen-based reconstructions and climate models. The data show early Holocene (pre-Neolithic) blanket-bog initiation at over half of the sites in the core areas of Scotland and northern England. The temporal patterns and concurrence of the bioclimate model predictions and initiation data suggest that climate change provides a parsimonious explanation for the early Holocene distribution and later expansion of blanket bogs in the UK, and it is not necessary to invoke anthropogenic activity as a driver of this major landscape change. © 2016 Author(s). 资助项目: ARC, Macquarie University
; NERC, Macquarie University
; Macquarie University
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/49072
Appears in Collections: 气候变化与战略
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Recommended Citation:
Gallego-Sala A.V.,Charman D.J.,Harrison S.P.,et al. Climate-driven expansion of blanket bogs in Britain during the Holocene[J]. Climate of the Past,2016-01-01,12(1)