DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-16-0436.1
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-85015969227
论文题名: Factors contributing to record-breaking heat waves over the great plains during the 1930s Dust Bowl
作者: Cowan T. ; Hegerl G.C. ; Colfescu I. ; Bollasina M. ; Purich A. ; Boschat G.
刊名: Journal of Climate
ISSN: 8948755
出版年: 2017
卷: 30, 期: 7 起始页码: 2437
结束页码: 2461
语种: 英语
Scopus关键词: Advection
; Drought
; Dust
; Feedback
; Heating
; Landforms
; Anticyclonic flow
; Atmosphere-land interactions
; Central Great Plains
; Circulation patterns
; Daily temperatures
; Extreme events
; Synoptic-scale process
; Western United States
; Climatology
; air-soil interaction
; climate feedback
; drought
; extreme event
; heat wave
; heating
; synoptic meteorology
; Great Plains
; United States
英文摘要: Record-breaking summer heat waves were experienced across the contiguous United States during the decade-long "Dust Bowl" drought in the 1930s. Using high-quality daily temperature observations, the Dust Bowl heat wave characteristics are assessed with metrics that describe variations in heat wave activity and intensity. Despite the sparser station coverage in the early record, there is robust evidence for the emergence of exceptional heat waves across the central Great Plains, the most extreme of which were preconditioned by anomalously dry springs. This is consistent with the entire twentieth-century record: summer heat waves over the Great Plains develop on average ~15-20 days earlier after anomalously dry springs, compared to summers following wet springs. Heat waves following dry springs are also significantly longer and hotter, indicative of the importance of land surface feedbacks in heat wave intensification. A distinctive anomalous continental-wide circulation pattern accompanied exceptional heat waves in the Great Plains, including those of the Dust Bowl decade. An anomalous broad surface pressure ridge straddling an upper-level blocking anticyclone over the western United States forced substantial subsidence and adiabatic warming over the Great Plains, and triggered anomalous southward warm advection over southern regions. This prolonged and amplified the heat waves over the central United States, which in turn gradually spread westward following heat wave emergence. The results imply that exceptional heat waves are preconditioned, triggered, and strengthened across the Great Plains through a combination of spring drought, upper-level continental-wide anticyclonic flow, and warm advection from the north. © 2017 American Meteorological Society. 资助项目: ERC, European Research Council
; NOAA, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/49867
Appears in Collections: 气候变化事实与影响
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作者单位: School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Aspendale, VIC, Australia; School of Earth Science, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
Recommended Citation:
Cowan T.,Hegerl G.C.,Colfescu I.,et al. Factors contributing to record-breaking heat waves over the great plains during the 1930s Dust Bowl[J]. Journal of Climate,2017-01-01,30(7)