DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00297.1
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84892468451
论文题名: Fast and slow responses to global warming: Sea surface temperature and precipitation patterns
作者: Long S.-M. ; Xie S.-P. ; Zheng X.-T. ; Liu Q.
刊名: Journal of Climate
ISSN: 8948755
出版年: 2014
卷: 27, 期: 1 起始页码: 285
结束页码: 299
语种: 英语
Scopus关键词: Coupled Model Intercomparison Project
; Geophysical fluid dynamics laboratories
; Precipitation patterns
; Radiative forcings
; Sea surface temperature (SST)
; Subpolar North Atlantic
; Surface temperatures
; Time-dependent response
; Atmospheric radiation
; Atmospheric temperature
; Carbon dioxide
; Climate change
; Climate models
; Global warming
; Greenhouse gases
; Tropics
; Oceanography
; climate change
; evaporation
; global warming
; greenhouse gas
; mixed layer
; precipitation (climatology)
; radiative forcing
; rainfall
; sea surface temperature
; wind
英文摘要: The time-dependent response of sea surface temperature (SST) to global warming and the associated atmospheric changes are investigated based on a 1%yr-1 CO2 increase to the quadrupling experiment of the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Climate Model, version 2.1. The SST response consists of a fast component, for which the ocean mixed layer is in quasi equilibrium with the radiative forcing, and a slow component owing to the gradual warming of the deeper ocean in and beneath the thermocline. A diagnostic method is proposed to isolate spatial patterns of the fast and slow responses. The deep ocean warming retards the surface warming in the fast response but turns into a forcing for the slow response. As a result, the fast and slow responses are nearly opposite to each other in spatial pattern, especially over the subpolar North Atlantic/Southern Ocean regions of the deep-water/bottom-water formation, and in the interhemispheric SST gradient between the southern and northern subtropics. Wind-evaporation-SST feedback is an additional mechanism for the SST pattern formation in the tropics. Analyses of phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) multimodel ensemble of global warming simulations confirm the validity of the diagnostic method that separates the fast and slow responses. Tropical annual rainfall change follows the SST warming pattern in both the fast and slow responses in CMIP5, increasing where the SST increase exceeds the tropical mean warming. © 2014 American Meteorological Society. 资助项目: NSFC, National Natural Science Foundation of China
; NSFC, National Natural Science Foundation of China
; NSF, National Science Foundation
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/51088
Appears in Collections: 气候变化事实与影响
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作者单位: Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Ocean-Atmosphere Interaction and Climate in Universities of Shandong, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China; Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
Recommended Citation:
Long S.-M.,Xie S.-P.,Zheng X.-T.,et al. Fast and slow responses to global warming: Sea surface temperature and precipitation patterns[J]. Journal of Climate,2014-01-01,27(1)