Atmospheric temperature
; Experiments
; Oceanography
; Soil moisture
; Tropics
; Atmospheric general circulation models
; General circulation
; Interannual time scale
; Observational analysis
; Rainfall variability
; Rainfall variation
; Sea surface temperature anomalies
; Tropical Indian ocean
; Rain
; atmospheric modeling
; climate change
; climate forcing
; climatology
; general circulation model
; precipitation assessment
; sea surface temperature
; seasonal variation
; temperature anomaly
; China
; Indian Ocean
; Indian Ocean (Tropical)
英文摘要:
In this work, the variability of summer [June-August (JJA)] rainfall in northeast China is examined and its predictors are identified based on observational analyses and atmospheric modeling experiments. At interannual time scales, the summer rainfall anomaly in northeast China is significantly correlated with the rainfall anomaly over the Huang-Huai region (328-388N, 1058-1208E) in late spring (April-May). Compared with climatology, an earlier (later) rainy season in the Huang-Huai region favors a wet (dry) summer in northeast China. Also, this connection has strengthened since the late 1970s. In addition to the impact of the sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) in the tropical Indian Ocean, the local soil moisture anomalies caused by the rainfall anomaly in the Huang-Huai region in late spring generate summer general circulation anomalies, which contribute to the rainfall anomaly in northeast China. As a result, when compared with the SSTA, the rainfall anomaly in the Huang-Huai region in late spring can be used as another and even better predictor for the summer rainfall anomaly in northeast China. The results from atmospheric general circulation model experiments forced by observed SST confirm the diagnostic results to some extent, including the connection of the rainfall anomaly between the Huang-Huai region in April-May and northeastern China in JJA as well as the influence from SSTA in the tropical Indian Ocean. It is shown that eliminating the internal dynamical processes by using the ensemble mean intensifies the connection, implying that the connection of rainfall variation in the two different seasons/regions may be partially caused by the external forcing (e.g., SSTA in the tropical Indian Ocean).
资助项目:
NSF, National Natural Science Foundation of China
; NSF, National Natural Science Foundation of China
; NSF, National Natural Science Foundation of China
Institute of Meteorological Sciences of Jilin Province, Laboratory of Research for Middle-High Latitude Circulation, East Asian Monsoon, Changchun, China; Climate Prediction Center, NOAA/NWS/NCEP, College Park, MD, United States; Center for Ocean-Land-Atmosphere Studies, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, United States; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, China; Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qing Dao, China; Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, MD, United States; China Meteorological Administration Training Center, WMO Regional Training Center, Beijing, China; Climate Prediction Center, NOAA/NWS/NCEP, College Park, United States; Innovim, LLC, Greenbelt, MD, United States
Recommended Citation:
Gao Z.,Hu Z.-Z.,Zhu J.,et al. Variability of summer rainfall in Northeast China and its connection with spring rainfall variability in the Huang-Huai region and Indian Ocean SST[J]. Journal of Climate,2014-01-01,27(18)