globalchange  > 气候变化事实与影响
DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00103.1
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84856829193
论文题名:
The CCSM4 land simulation, 1850-2005: Assessment of surface climate and new capabilities
作者: Lawrence D.M.; Oleson K.W.; Flanner M.G.; Fletcher C.G.; Lawrence P.J.; Levis S.; Swenson S.C.; Bonan G.B.
刊名: Journal of Climate
ISSN: 8948755
出版年: 2012
卷: 25, 期:7
起始页码: 2240
结束页码: 2260
语种: 英语
Scopus关键词: Aerosol deposition ; Air temperature ; Annual cycle ; Atmosphere-land interaction ; Australia ; Biogeochemical models ; Biosphere-atmosphere interaction ; Carbon fluxes ; Community climate system model ; Community land models ; Earth systems ; High Latitudes ; Historical simulation ; Land cover ; Land surface ; Land surface models ; Land-use change ; Model evaluation/performance ; Net ecosystem production ; Offline ; Radiative forcings ; Soil water storage ; Submodels ; Surface albedo ; Surface climate ; Urban areas ; Urban canyons ; Atmospheric radiation ; Atmospheric temperature ; Climate change ; Computer simulation ; Earth (planet) ; Forestry ; Geologic models ; Land use ; Permafrost ; Rural areas ; Snow ; Soil moisture ; Solar radiation ; Vegetation ; Water supply ; Climate models ; aerosol ; air temperature ; biogeochemistry ; biosphere ; carbon ; climate modeling ; evapotranspiration ; land cover ; land surface ; land use change ; nitrogen ; numerical model ; radiative forcing ; soil water ; urban area ; water storage
英文摘要: This paper reviews developments for the Community Land Model, version 4 (CLM4), examines the land surface climate simulation of the Community Climate System Model, version 4 (CCSM4) compared to CCSM3, and assesses new earth system features of CLM4 within CCSM4. CLM4 incorporates a broad set of improvements including additions of a carbon-nitrogen (CN) biogeochemical model, an urban canyon model, and transient land cover and land use change, as well as revised soil and snow submodels. Several aspects of the surface climate simulation are improved in CCSM4. Improvements in the simulation of soil water storage, evapotranspiration, surface albedo, and permafrost that are apparent in offline CLM4 simulations are generally retained in CCSM4. The global land air temperature bias is reduced and the annual cycle is improved in many locations, especially at high latitudes. The global land precipitation bias is larger in CCSM4 because of bigger wet biases in central and southern Africa and Australia. New earth systemcapabilities are assessed. The present-day air temperature within urban areas is warmer than surrounding rural areas by 18-28C, which is comparable to or greater than the change in climate occurring over the last 130 years. The snow albedo feedback is more realistic and the radiative forcing of snow aerosol deposition is calculated as 10.083 W m22 for present day. The land carbon flux due to land use, wildfire, and net ecosystem production is a source of carbon to the atmosphere throughout most of the historical simulation. CCSM4 is increasingly suited for studies of the role of land processes in climate and climate change. © 2012 American Meteorological Society.
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/52488
Appears in Collections:气候变化事实与影响

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作者单位: Earth System Laboratory, Climate and Global Dynamics Division, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, United States; Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Space Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

Recommended Citation:
Lawrence D.M.,Oleson K.W.,Flanner M.G.,et al. The CCSM4 land simulation, 1850-2005: Assessment of surface climate and new capabilities[J]. Journal of Climate,2012-01-01,25(7)
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