DOI: 10.1175/2011JCLI4138.1
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84856971529
论文题名: The energy budget of the polar atmosphere in MERRA
作者: Cullather R.I. ; Bosilovich M.G.
刊名: Journal of Climate
ISSN: 8948755
出版年: 2012
卷: 25, 期: 1 起始页码: 5
结束页码: 24
语种: 英语
Scopus关键词: Albedo
; Arctic
; Energy budgets
; Ice sheets
; Long-wave radiation
; Radiative fluxes
; Estimation
; Glaciers
; Solar radiation
; Surface chemistry
; Weather forecasting
; Budget control
; albedo
; closure
; downwelling
; energy balance
; energy budget
; ice sheet
; longwave radiation
; parameterization
; polar region
英文摘要: Components of the atmospheric energy budget from the Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA) are evaluated in polar regions for the period 1979-2005 and compared with previous estimates, in situ observations, and contemporary reanalyses. Closure of the budget is reflected by the analysis increments term, which indicates an energy surplus of 11 W m -2 over the North Polar cap (70°-90°N) and 22 W m -2 over the South Polar cap (70°-90°S). Total atmospheric energy convergence from MERRA compares favorably with previous studies for northern high latitudes but exceeds the available previous estimate for the South Polar cap by 46%. Discrepancies with the Southern Hemisphere energy transport are largest in autumn and may be related to differences in topography with earlier reanalyses. For the Arctic, differences betweenMERRAand other sources in top of atmosphere (TOA) and surface radiative fluxes are largest in May. These differences are concurrent with the largest discrepancies between MERRA parameterized and observed surface albedo. For May, in situ observations of the upwelling shortwave flux in the Arctic are 80 W m -2 larger than MERRA, while the MERRA downwelling longwave flux is underestimated by 12 W m -2 throughout the year. Over grounded ice sheets, the annual mean net surface energy flux inMERRAis erroneously nonzero. Contemporary reanalyses from the Climate Forecast Center (CFSR) and the Interim Re-Analyses of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ERA-I) are found to have better surface parameterizations; however, these reanalyses also disagree with observed surface and TOA energy fluxes. Discrepancies among available reanalyses underscore the challenge of reproducing credible estimates of the atmospheric energy budget in polar regions. © 2012 American Meteorological Society. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/52629
Appears in Collections: 气候变化事实与影响
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作者单位: Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, MD, United States; Global Modeling and Assimilation Office, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, United States
Recommended Citation:
Cullather R.I.,Bosilovich M.G.. The energy budget of the polar atmosphere in MERRA[J]. Journal of Climate,2012-01-01,25(1)