DOI: 10.1007/s00382-016-3163-y
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84966605868
论文题名: The impact of Southern Ocean residual upwelling on atmospheric CO2 on centennial and millennial timescales
作者: Lauderdale J.M. ; Williams R.G. ; Munday D.R. ; Marshall D.P.
刊名: Climate Dynamics
ISSN: 9307575
出版年: 2017
卷: 48, 期: 2017-05-06 起始页码: 1611
结束页码: 1631
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Atmospheric carbon dioxide
; Climate metric
; Ocean carbon cycle
; Ocean overturning
; Ocean residual circulation
; Ocean upwelling
; Southern Ocean
英文摘要: The Southern Ocean plays a pivotal role in climate change by exchanging heat and carbon, and provides the primary window for the global deep ocean to communicate with the atmosphere. There has been a widespread focus on explaining atmospheric CO2 changes in terms of changes in wind forcing in the Southern Ocean. Here, we develop a dynamically-motivated metric, the residual upwelling, that measures the primary effect of Southern Ocean dynamics on atmospheric CO2 on centennial to millennial timescales by determining the communication with the deep ocean. The metric encapsulates the combined, net effect of winds and air–sea buoyancy forcing on both the upper and lower overturning cells, which have been invoked as explaining atmospheric CO2 changes for the present day and glacial-interglacial changes. The skill of the metric is assessed by employing suites of idealized ocean model experiments, including parameterized and explicitly simulated eddies, with online biogeochemistry and integrated for 10,000 years to equilibrium. Increased residual upwelling drives elevated atmospheric CO2 at a rate of typically 1–1.5 parts per million/106 m3 s−1 by enhancing the communication between the atmosphere and deep ocean. This metric can be used to interpret the long-term effect of Southern Ocean dynamics on the natural carbon cycle and atmospheric CO2, alongside other metrics, such as involving the proportion of preformed nutrients and the extent of sea ice cover. © 2016, The Author(s). 资助项目: NSF, National Science Foundation
; NERC, Natural Environment Research Council
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/53303
Appears in Collections: 过去全球变化的重建
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作者单位: Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States; Department of Earth, Ocean and Ecological Sciences, School of Environmental Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom; British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
Recommended Citation:
Lauderdale J.M.,Williams R.G.,Munday D.R.,et al. The impact of Southern Ocean residual upwelling on atmospheric CO2 on centennial and millennial timescales[J]. Climate Dynamics,2017-01-01,48(2017-05-06)