globalchange  > 过去全球变化的重建
DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.04.027
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-85019037376
论文题名:
Exploring mechanisms of compaction in salt-marsh sediments using Common Era relative sea-level reconstructions
作者: Brain M.J.; Kemp A.C.; Hawkes A.D.; Engelhart S.E.; Vane C.H.; Cahill N.; Hill T.D.; Donnelly J.P.; Horton B.P.
刊名: Quaternary Science Reviews
ISSN: 2773791
出版年: 2017
卷: 167
起始页码: 96
结束页码: 111
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Biodegradation ; Peat ; Post-depositional lowering
Scopus关键词: Biodegradation ; Biographies ; Climate change ; Compaction ; Compressibility ; Compressive strength ; Deposition ; Peat ; Repair ; Sea level ; Stratigraphy ; Wetlands ; Continuous sequences ; Geotechnical modeling ; Geotechnical models ; Mechanical compression ; Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) ; Post-depositional lowering ; Statistically significant difference ; Stratigraphic columns ; Sediments ; biodegradation ; climate change ; compaction ; compressibility ; compressive strength ; deposition ; estuarine sediment ; Holocene ; Medieval Warm Period ; nineteenth century ; peat ; reconstruction ; saltmarsh ; sea level change ; softening ; Connecticut ; United States
英文摘要: Salt-marsh sediments provide precise and near-continuous reconstructions of Common Era relative sea level (RSL). However, organic and low-density salt-marsh sediments are prone to compaction processes that cause post-depositional distortion of the stratigraphic column used to reconstruct RSL. We compared two RSL reconstructions from East River Marsh (Connecticut, USA) to assess the contribution of mechanical compression and biodegradation to compaction of salt-marsh sediments and their subsequent influence on RSL reconstructions. The first, existing reconstruction (‘trench’) was produced from a continuous sequence of basal salt-marsh sediment and is unaffected by compaction. The second, new reconstruction is from a compaction-susceptible core taken at the same location. We highlight that sediment compaction is the only feasible mechanism for explaining the observed differences in RSL reconstructed from the trench and core. Both reconstructions display long-term RSL rise of ∼1 mm/yr, followed by a ∼19th Century acceleration to ∼3 mm/yr. A statistically-significant difference between the records at ∼1100 to 1800 CE could not be explained by a compression-only geotechnical model. We suggest that the warmer and drier conditions of the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) resulted in an increase in sediment compressibility during this time period. We adapted the geotechnical model by reducing the compressive strength of MCA sediments to simulate this softening of sediments. ‘Decompaction’ of the core reconstruction with this modified model accounted for the difference between the two RSL reconstructions. Our results demonstrate that compression-only geotechnical models may be inadequate for estimating compaction and post-depositional lowering of susceptible organic salt-marsh sediments in some settings. This has important implications for our understanding of the drivers of sea-level change. Further, our results suggest that future climate changes may make salt marshes more susceptible to the impacts of RSL rise by enhancing sediment compressibility. We stress, however, that the cause of the softening remains enigmatic. Until this is better constrained, it is premature to widely extrapolate our findings to existing core-based reconstructions of Holocene RSL. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd
资助项目: This work was supported by funding from NSF award OCE 1458921, OCE 1458904, EAR 0952032 awarded to JPD and BPH ; EAR 1402017 awarded to ACK and BPH ; OCE 1154978 awarded to ADH and JPD ; OCE 1458903 awarded to SEE ; and NOAA award NA11OAR4310101 awarded to BPH and JPD. MJB was funded by ICL Fertilizers Ltd. We thank Richard Sullivan and Christopher Maio for their help in the field ; Neil Tunstall and Chris Longley for laboratory support ; and Sarah Woodroffe and Antony Long for helpful discussions. CHV publishes with permission of the Director of the British Geology Survey. We are grateful to Robin Edwards and anonymous reviewer for their detailed and carefully-considered reviews which greatly improved the focus and robustness of the arguments presented. This is a contribution to IGCP Project 639 “Sea Level Change from Minutes to Millennia”, PALSEA2 and INQUA CMP1701P.
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被引频次[WOS]:30   [查看WOS记录]     [查看WOS中相关记录]
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/59205
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作者单位: Department of Geography and Institute of Hazard, Risk and Resilience, Durham University, South Road, Durham, United Kingdom; Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Tufts University, Medford, MA, United States; Department of Geography and Geology, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, NC, United States; Department of Geosciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States; Centre for Environmental Geochemistry, British Geological Survey, Keyworth, Nottingham, United Kingdom; Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States; Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, New Haven, CT, United States; Department of Geology and Geophysics, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, United States; Department of Coastal and Marine Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States; Division of Earth Sciences and Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore

Recommended Citation:
Brain M.J.,Kemp A.C.,Hawkes A.D.,et al. Exploring mechanisms of compaction in salt-marsh sediments using Common Era relative sea-level reconstructions[J]. Quaternary Science Reviews,2017-01-01,167
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