globalchange  > 过去全球变化的重建
DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.04.008
论文题名:
Glacier fluctuations during the past 2000 years
作者: Solomina O.N.; Bradley R.S.; Jomelli V.; Geirsdottir A.; Kaufman D.S.; Koch J.; McKay N.P.; Masiokas M.; Miller G.; Nesje A.; Nicolussi K.; Owen L.A.; Putnam A.E.; Wanner H.; Wiles G.; Yang B.
刊名: Quaternary Science Reviews
出版年: 2016
卷: 149
起始页码: 61
结束页码: 90
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Glacier variations ; Late Holocene ; Little Ice Age ; Modern glacier retreat ; Neoglacial ; Solar and volcanic activity ; Temperature change
Scopus关键词: Glacial geology ; Trees (mathematics) ; Volcanoes ; Glacier retreat ; Glacier variations ; Late Holocene ; Little Ice Age ; Neoglacial ; Temperature changes ; Volcanic activities ; Ice ; cooling ; glacier dynamics ; glacier mass balance ; glacier retreat ; Holocene ; Little Ice Age ; Neoglacial ; paleoclimate ; paleotemperature ; reconstruction ; solar activity ; temperature profile ; volcanic eruption ; Alaska ; Alps ; Arctic ; Canada ; Canadian Arctic ; Norway ; Spitsbergen ; Svalbard ; Svalbard and Jan Mayen ; United States
英文摘要: A global compilation of glacier advances and retreats for the past two millennia grouped by 17 regions (excluding Antarctica) highlights the nature of glacier fluctuations during the late Holocene. The dataset includes 275 time series of glacier fluctuations based on historical, tree ring, lake sediment, radiocarbon and terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide data. The most detailed and reliable series for individual glaciers and regional compilations are compared with summer temperature and, when available, winter precipitation reconstructions, the most important parameters for glacier mass balance. In many cases major glacier advances correlate with multi-decadal periods of decreased summer temperature. In a few cases, such as in Arctic Alaska and western Canada, some glacier advances occurred during relatively warm wet times. The timing and scale of glacier fluctuations over the past two millennia varies greatly from region to region. However, the number of glacier advances shows a clear pattern for the high, mid and low latitudes and, hence, points to common forcing factors acting at the global scale. Globally, during the first millennium CE glaciers were smaller than between the advances in 13th to early 20th centuries CE. The precise extent of glacier retreat in the first millennium is not well defined; however, the most conservative estimates indicate that during the 1st and 2nd centuries in some regions glaciers were smaller than at the end of 20th/early 21st centuries. Other periods of glacier retreat are identified regionally during the 5th and 8th centuries in the European Alps, in the 3rd–6th and 9th centuries in Norway, during the 10th–13th centuries in southern Alaska, and in the 18th century in Spitsbergen. However, no single period of common global glacier retreat of centennial duration, except for the past century, has yet been identified. In contrast, the view that the Little Ice Age was a period of global glacier expansion beginning in the 13th century (or earlier) and reaching a maximum in 17th–19th centuries is supported by our data. The pattern of glacier variations in the past two millennia corresponds with cooling in reconstructed temperature records at the continental and hemispheric scales. The number of glacier advances also broadly matches periods showing high volcanic activity and low solar irradiance over the past two millennia, although the resolution of most glacier chronologies is not enough for robust statistical correlations. Glacier retreat in the past 100–150 years corresponds to the anthropogenic global temperature increase. Many questions concerning the relative strength of forcing factors that drove glacier variations in the past 2 ka still remain. © 2016 Elsevier Ltd
资助项目: Solomina, O.N. ; Institute of Geography RAS, Staromonetny-29, Russian Federation ; 电子邮件: olgasolomina@yandex.ru
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/59464
Appears in Collections:过去全球变化的重建

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作者单位: Institute of Geography RAS, Staromonetny-29, Staromonetny, Moscow, Russian Federation; Department of Geosciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States; Université Paris 1 Pantheon-Sorbonne, CNRS Laboratoire de Geographie Physique, Meudon, France; Department of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland, Askja, Sturlugata 7, Reykjavík, Iceland; School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, United States; Department of Geography, Brandon University, Brandon, MB, Canada; Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA), CCT CONICET Mendoza, Mendoza, CC, Argentina; INSTAAR and Geological Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, United States; Department of Earth Science, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, Bergen, Norway; Uni Research Climate AS at Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, Bergen, Norway; Institute of Geography, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52, Innsbruck, Austria; Department of Geology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States; School of Earth and Climate Sciences and Climate Change Institute, University of Maine, Orono, ME, United States; Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, 61 Rt 9W, Palisades, NY, United States; Institute of Geography and Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Switzerland; Department of Geology, The College of Wooster, Wooster, OH, United States; Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, China

Recommended Citation:
Solomina O.N.,Bradley R.S.,Jomelli V.,et al. Glacier fluctuations during the past 2000 years[J]. Quaternary Science Reviews,2016-01-01,149
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