DOI: 10.1002/grl.50810
论文题名: Untangling dynamical and microphysical controls for the structure of stratocumulus
作者: Ovchinnikov M. ; Easter R.C. ; Gustafson Jr. W.I.
刊名: Geophysical Research Letters
ISSN: 0094-8687
EISSN: 1944-8418
出版年: 2013
卷: 40, 期: 16 起始页码: 4432
结束页码: 4436
语种: 英语
英文关键词: cloud microphysics
; open cells
; parcel model
; precipitation
; rain initiation
; time scale
Scopus关键词: Closed-cell structure
; Cloud microphysics
; Droplet concentration
; Functional representation
; Observable parameters
; Open-cell
; Structure transitions
; Time-scales
; Clouds
; Computer simulation
; Cytology
; Drops
; Precipitation (chemical)
; Rain
; Sun
; Time measurement
; Cells
; cloud microphysics
; numerical model
; parameterization
; precipitation (climatology)
; stratocumulus
; timescale
英文摘要: Stratocumulus clouds can assume closed- or open-cell structures with strikingly different abilities to reflect solar radiation. While open cells have been linked to the presence of precipitation and low droplet concentrations, complete understanding of processes leading to their formation is lacking. Here we show that the structure of stratocumulus can be linked to two time scales: an updraft time scale (tup) and a rain initiation time scale (t r). When sufficient drizzle forms within updrafts (tr ≤ tup), cloud water in the outflow is depleted enough that an overcast cloud cannot be sustained. Using a simple parcel model, we relate these time scales to three observable parameters (droplet number concentration, cloud depth, and updraft speed) and derive a functional representation for the transition from closed to open cells. Eight well-documented observed and simulated cases of open- and closed-cell stratocumulus fit well into the classification based on our model. Key Points Stratocumulus clouds organize themselves into open and closed cell structures A rain initiation timescale and an updraft timescale control cell's structure Transition to open cells depends on cloud dynamics, micro- and macrophysics. © 2013. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. URL: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84882789437&doi=10.1002%2fgrl.50810&partnerID=40&md5=fffb01aca513dd903ed5688d23d4585f
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/5951
Appears in Collections: 气候减缓与适应
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作者单位: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS-IN K9-24, PO Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, United States
Recommended Citation:
Ovchinnikov M.,Easter R.C.,Gustafson Jr. W.I.. Untangling dynamical and microphysical controls for the structure of stratocumulus[J]. Geophysical Research Letters,2013-01-01,40(16).