globalchange  > 过去全球变化的重建
DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.04.017
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84966709075
论文题名:
Differences in coastal subsidence in southern Oregon (USA) during at least six prehistoric megathrust earthquakes
作者: Milker Y.; Nelson A.R.; Horton B.P.; Engelhart S.E.; Bradley L.-A.; Witter R.C.
刊名: Quaternary Science Reviews
ISSN: 2773791
出版年: 2016
卷: 142
起始页码: 143
结束页码: 163
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Cascadia subduction zone ; Coseismic subsidence ; Megathrust earthquakes ; Paleoseismology ; Salt-marsh foraminifera ; Sea-level change ; Transfer functions
Scopus关键词: Computerized tomography ; Geophysics ; Glacial geology ; Peat ; Sea level ; Seismology ; Stratigraphy ; Subsidence ; Transfer functions ; Wetlands ; Cascadia subduction zone ; Megathrust earthquakes ; Paleoseismology ; Salt marshes ; Sealevel change ; Earthquakes ; data set ; earthquake rupture ; foraminifera ; historical record ; paleoseismicity ; plate motion ; radiocarbon dating ; saltmarsh ; sea level change ; stratigraphy ; subduction ; subduction zone ; subsidence ; tidal flat ; transfer function ; Cascadia Subduction Zone ; Oregon ; Pacific Ocean ; United States ; Foraminifera ; Miliammina fusca
英文摘要: Stratigraphic, sedimentologic (including CT 3D X-ray tomography scans), foraminiferal, and radiocarbon analyses show that at least six of seven abrupt peat-to-mud contacts in cores from a tidal marsh at Talbot Creek (South Slough, Coos Bay), record sudden subsidence (relative sea-level rise) during great megathrust earthquakes at the Cascadia subduction zone. Data for one contact are insufficient to infer whether or not it records a great earthquake-it may also have formed through local, non-seismic, hydrographic processes. To estimate the amount of subsidence marked by each contact, we expanded a previous regional modern foraminiferal dataset to 174 samples from six Oregon estuaries. Using a transfer function derived from the new dataset, estimates of coseismic subsidence across the six earthquake contacts vary from 0.31 m to 0.75 m. Comparison of subsidence estimates for three contacts in adjacent cores shows within-site differences of ≤0.10 m, about half the ±0.22 m error, although some estimates may be minimums due to uncertain ecological preferences for Balticammina pseudomacrescens in brackish environments and almost monospecific assemblages of Miliammina fusca on tidal flats. We also account for the influence of taphonomic processes, such as infiltration of mud with mixed foraminiferal assemblages into peat, on subsidence estimates. Comparisons of our subsidence estimates with values for correlative contacts at other Oregon sites suggest that some of our estimates are minimums and that Cascadia's megathrust earthquake ruptures have been heterogeneous over the past 3500 years. © 2016 Elsevier Ltd.
资助项目: We thank the South Slough National Estuarine Research Reserve for permission to work at Talbot Creek marsh. We thank Craig Cornu and Mike Graybill (South Slough Research Reserve) for logistical support and encouragement during our fieldwork in October 2012 and the bachelor and diploma students Laura M. Wendt and Jennifer C. F. Remer (Univ. of Hamburg) for counting some of the fossil samples. Ann Morey (Oregon State Univ.) helped us obtain and interpret CT scans of cores by Jason Wiest (Oregon State Univ.). We further thank Andrew Kemp (Tufts Univ.) for his perceptive review of the paper and for guidance on transfer function statistics. The paper also benefited from the comments of an anonymous reviewer. The project was mainly carried out at the Center for Earth System Research and Sustainability (CEN), Institute for Geology, Univ. of Hamburg, and was supported by funding from the German Science Foundation (DFG) to Y. Milker (Award # MI 1508/2-1), by funding from the National Science Foundation (NSF) to B. P. Horton (Award 1419824) and to S. E. Engelhart (Award EAR-1419844) and is also supported by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Hatch funding, and the Rhode Island Agricultural Experiment Station (RIAES contribution # 5444). A.R. Nelson's and R.C. Witter's research is supported by the Earthquake Hazards Program of the U.S. Geological Survey. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. This paper is a contribution to IGCP Project 639.
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/59581
Appears in Collections:过去全球变化的重建

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作者单位: Institute for Geophysics and Geology, University of Leipzig, Talstrasse 35, Leipzig, Germany; Geologic Hazards Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Golden, CO, United States; Sea Level Research, Department of Marine and Coastal Science, Rutgers University, 71 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, NJ, United States; Institute of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, Rutgers University, 71 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, NJ, United States; Earth Observatory of Singapore and Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; Department of Geosciences, University of Rhode Island, Woodward Hall, 9 East Alumni Ave, Kingston, RI, United States; Alaska Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, 4210 University Drive, Anchorage, AK, United States

Recommended Citation:
Milker Y.,Nelson A.R.,Horton B.P.,et al. Differences in coastal subsidence in southern Oregon (USA) during at least six prehistoric megathrust earthquakes[J]. Quaternary Science Reviews,2016-01-01,142
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