DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.12.011
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84921000874
论文题名: Using dung fungi to interpret decline and extinction ofmegaherbivores: Problems and solutions
作者: Johnson C.N. ; Rule S. ; Haberle S.G. ; Turney C.S.M. ; Kershaw A.P. ; Brook B.W.
刊名: Quaternary Science Reviews
ISSN: 2773791
出版年: 2015
卷: 110 起始页码: 107
结束页码: 113
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Cercophora
; Coniochaeta
; Megafaunal extinction
; Pleistocene
; Podospora
; Sordaria
; Sporormiella
; Trophic cascade
Scopus关键词: Animals
; Ecology
; Cercophora
; Coniochaeta
; Pleistocene
; Podospora
; Sordaria
; Sporormiella
; Trophic cascades
; Fungi
; biomass
; extinction
; fungus
; herbivore
; micropaleontology
; Pleistocene
; spore
; taphonomy
; Australia
; Cercophora
; Coniochaeta
; Fungi
; Podospora
; Preussia (ascomycete)
; Sordaria
英文摘要: Fungi which produce their spores on the dung of large herbivores show promise as indicators of the distribution and relative abundance of large herbivores in past environments. Recently, several studies have used counts of spores of such fungi, Sporormiella in particular, to resolve the timing and reveal the ecological consequences of extinction of Pleistocene megafauna. However, there are several problems in the interpretation of the dung-fungus proxy, relating mostly to taphonomic effects on spore accumulation. Here, we describe these problems and show how they can be solved, using new data from the Lynch's Crater site in northeastern Australia. Effects of variation in spore accumulation in relation to position in the sedimentary basin can be controlled by comparing cores from different locations; temporal variation in spore accumulation rates can be attributed to changes in herbivore populations, as distinct from time-varying taphonomic effects, by comparing trends in fungi exclusively associated with herbivore dung to trends for fungi that also sporulate on other substrates; effects of changing vegetation composition can be removed by measuring spore influx rates rather than expressing counts relative to the pollen sum. At Lynch's Crater, these approaches increase our confidence that a decline in dung fungi at ~40. ka indicates an unprecedented drop in biomass of large herbivores. We also show that before this decline, the biomass of large herbivores at this site was evidently similar to that in North America and western Europe. © 2014. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/60032
Appears in Collections: 过去全球变化的重建
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作者单位: University of Tasmania, School of Biological Sciences, Private Bag 55, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia; The Australian National University, School of Culture, History and Language, Canberra, ACT, Australia; Climate Change Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Geography and oEnvironmental Science, Monash University, Clayton, Vic, Australia
Recommended Citation:
Johnson C.N.,Rule S.,Haberle S.G.,et al. Using dung fungi to interpret decline and extinction ofmegaherbivores: Problems and solutions[J]. Quaternary Science Reviews,2015-01-01,110