DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.09.025
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84918502320
论文题名: A high-precision chronology for the rapid extinction of New Zealand moa (Aves, Dinornithiformes)
作者: Perry G.L.W. ; Wheeler A.B. ; Wood J.R. ; Wilmshurst J.M.
刊名: Quaternary Science Reviews
ISSN: 2773791
出版年: 2014
卷: 105 起始页码: 126
结束页码: 135
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Archaeology
; Holocene
; Human impacts
; Island faunas
; Prehistory
; Radiocarbon
; Sightings models
Scopus关键词: Archaeology
; Holocenes
; Human impact
; Island faunas
; Prehistory
; Radiocarbon
; Birds
; anthropogenic effect
; archaeology
; biochronology
; bird
; coprolite
; extinction
; Holocene
; human settlement
; precision
; prehistoric
; rodent
; New Zealand
; Aves
; Dinornithiformes
; Rattus
; Rattus exulans
英文摘要: Megafaunal extinction followed the prehistoric human settlement of islands across the globe, but the exact duration and dynamics of the extinction processes are difficult to determine. The New Zealand moa (Aves, Dinornithiformes) are a prime example, where, despite an extensive fossil and archaeological record, debate continues about their extinction chronology and how extinction timings varied among regions and species. We apply probabilistic sightings methods to 111 high-quality radiocarbon dates (from a pool of 653 dates) on moa remains from natural and archaeological sites to provide a high-resolution spatio-temporal chronology of moa extinction. We interpret this alongside an estimated time for the onset of hunting pressure, obtained by applying the same methods to the most reliable proxies for initial human settlement of New Zealand: coprolites of and seeds gnawed by the commensal Pacific rat ( Rattus exulans). By comparing local and national extinction times, we discriminate between the point at which hunting stopped (economic extinction) and the total extinction of moa (ca150 and 200 years after settlement, respectively). Extinction occurred contemporaneously at sites separated by hundreds of kilometres. There was little difference between the extinction times of the smallest (20-50kg) and largest (200+ kg) moa species. Our results demonstrate how rapidly megafauna were exterminated from even large, topographically- and ecologically-diverse islands such as New Zealand, and highlight the fragility of such ecosystems in the face of human impacts. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/60119
Appears in Collections: 过去全球变化的重建
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作者单位: School of Environment, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand; School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand; Landcare Research, PO Box 69040, Lincoln, New Zealand
Recommended Citation:
Perry G.L.W.,Wheeler A.B.,Wood J.R.,et al. A high-precision chronology for the rapid extinction of New Zealand moa (Aves, Dinornithiformes)[J]. Quaternary Science Reviews,2014-01-01,105