globalchange  > 过去全球变化的重建
DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.06.017
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84903614777
论文题名:
Multiproxy record of late Quaternary climate change and Middle Stone Age human occupation at Wonderkrater, South Africa
作者: Backwell L.R.; McCarthy T.S.; Wadley L.; Henderson Z.; Steininger C.M.; Bonita deKlerk; Barré M.; Lamothe M.; Chase B.M.; Woodborne S.; Susino G.J.; Bamford M.K.; Sievers C.; Brink J.S.; Rossouw L.; Pollarolo L.; Trower G.; Scott L.; d'Errico F.
刊名: Quaternary Science Reviews
ISSN: 2773791
出版年: 2014
卷: 99
起始页码: 42
结束页码: 59
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Late Pleistocene ; MSA ; Optically stimulated luminescence ; Palaeoenvironment ; Peat mound
Scopus关键词: Animals ; Charcoal ; Climate change ; Cutting tools ; Excavation ; Isotopes ; Luminescence ; Plants (botany) ; Sand ; Late Pleistocene ; Late quaternary ; MSA ; Multiproxy records ; Optically stimulated luminescence ; Palaeoenvironment ; Stable carbon isotopes ; Stimulated luminescence ; Peat ; arid region ; climate change ; fauna ; flora ; geomorphology ; herbivore ; human evolution ; paleoenvironment ; Paleolithic ; proxy climate record ; sediment core ; shrub ; Stone Age ; woodland ; South Africa
英文摘要: Here we provide a multiproxy record of climate change and human occupation at Wonderkrater, a spring and peat mound site situated in the interior of southern Africa. Recently extracted sediment cores yielded a number of Middle Stone Age (MSA) artefacts, prompting exploratory excavation of the sediments to understand better the geomorphology of the site, age of the sediments, cultural lithic sequence, vegetation and faunal remains, and to try to establish whether human use of the site was to some extent climatically driven. Excavations yielded late Pleistocene mammal fauna and flora, and three small MSA lithic assemblages with age estimates of 30ka, >45ka and 138.01±7.7ka. The upper layers comprise peat that preserves macrobotanical and faunal remains, implying local fen conditions in Acacia savanna woodland at 12ka. Below the upper peat layers, a 1m-thick layer of white sand yielded two MSA lithic assemblages in association with faunal remains dated to between 30.8±0.7ka and >45ka. Clay underlying the sand has an OSL age of 63.1±5.8ka, and sandy peat below it has an Infrared Stimulated Luminescence (IRSL) age of 70±10ka. Faunal remains in the lower sand levels, and dental stable carbon isotope analysis of herbivores, indicate a substantial grassland component in the landscape during late MIS 3 (>45ka). Charcoal, phytolith and pollen data show a change from moderately warm and dry grassy savanna woodland in the lower sand levels, to cooler and wetter grassland with woody shrubs in the uppermost levels by 30ka. The conditions that resulted in the deposition of the sand also attracted people to the site, but whether it served as an oasis in an arid landscape, or was occupied during wet phases, is unclear. The composition of the lithic assemblages, which include many tools suitable for cutting, suggest that the peat mound may have been used as a place to harvest reeds, process plant materials and butcher animals that were either deliberately or accidentally trapped in mud or peat. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd.
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/60183
Appears in Collections:过去全球变化的重建

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作者单位: Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Wits, 2050, Johannesburg, South Africa; School of Geosciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Wits, 2050, Johannesburg, South Africa; School of Geography, Archaeology and Environmental Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Wits, 2050, Johannesburg, South Africa; National Museum, P.O. Box 266, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa; Centre for Environmental Management, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, La Trobe University, Victoria, 3086, Australia; Laboratoire de luminescence Lux, Département des sciences de la Terre et de l'atmosphère, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada; Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier, UMR 5554, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique/Université Montpellier 2, Bat.22, CC061, Montpellier Cedex 5, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095, France; Department of Archaeology, History, Cultural and Religious Studies, University of Bergen, Post Box 7805, Bergen, 5020, Norway; Themba Labs, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Wits, 2050, Johannesburg, South Africa; Department of Plant Sciences, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa; CNRS UMR 5199, PACEA, Université Bordeaux 1, Avenue des Facultés, F-33405, Talence, France

Recommended Citation:
Backwell L.R.,McCarthy T.S.,Wadley L.,et al. Multiproxy record of late Quaternary climate change and Middle Stone Age human occupation at Wonderkrater, South Africa[J]. Quaternary Science Reviews,2014-01-01,99
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