globalchange  > 影响、适应和脆弱性
DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13580
论文题名:
Effects of seasonality, transport pathway, and spatial structure on greenhouse gas fluxes in a restored wetland
作者: McNicol G.; Sturtevant C.S.; Knox S.H.; Dronova I.; Baldocchi D.D.; Silver W.L.
刊名: Global Change Biology
ISSN: 13541013
出版年: 2017
卷: 23, 期:7
起始页码: 2768
结束页码: 2782
语种: 英语
英文关键词: carbon dioxide ; gas flux ; greenhouse gas ; methane ; nitrous oxide ; redox ; restoration ; seasonality ; wetland
英文摘要: Wetlands can influence global climate via greenhouse gas (GHG) exchange of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O). Few studies have quantified the full GHG budget of wetlands due to the high spatial and temporal variability of fluxes. We report annual open-water diffusion and ebullition fluxes of CO2, CH4, and N2O from a restored emergent marsh ecosystem. We combined these data with concurrent eddy-covariance measurements of whole-ecosystem CO2 and CH4 exchange to estimate GHG fluxes and associated radiative forcing effects for the whole wetland, and separately for open-water and vegetated cover types. Annual open-water CO2, CH4, and N2O emissions were 915 ± 95 g C-CO2 m−2 yr−1, 2.9 ± 0.5 g C-CH4 m−2 yr−1, and 62 ± 17 mg N-N2O m−2 yr−1, respectively. Diffusion dominated open-water GHG transport, accounting for >99% of CO2 and N2O emissions, and ~71% of CH4 emissions. Seasonality was minor for CO2 emissions, whereas CH4 and N2O fluxes displayed strong and asynchronous seasonal dynamics. Notably, the overall radiative forcing of open-water fluxes (3.5 ± 0.3 kg CO2-eq m−2 yr−1) exceeded that of vegetated zones (1.4 ± 0.4 kg CO2-eq m−2 yr−1) due to high ecosystem respiration. After scaling results to the entire wetland using object-based cover classification of remote sensing imagery, net uptake of CO2 (−1.4 ± 0.6 kt CO2-eq yr−1) did not offset CH4 emission (3.7 ± 0.03 kt CO2-eq yr−1), producing an overall positive radiative forcing effect of 2.4 ± 0.3 kt CO2-eq yr−1. These results demonstrate clear effects of seasonality, spatial structure, and transport pathway on the magnitude and composition of wetland GHG emissions, and the efficacy of multiscale flux measurement to overcome challenges of wetland heterogeneity. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd
资助项目: We thank Jackson Chin, Heather Dang, Ryan Salladay, and Laura Southworth for assistance with field data collection. We are also grateful for advice from Charuleka Varadharajan on adapting ebullition flux chamber designs, and to anonymous reviewers for useful comments on earlier versions of this manuscript. This research was supported by the Delta Science Program grant (#2053) and an NSF Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant (DEB-1405715). This research was also supported by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture McIntire Stennis project CA-B-ECO-7673-MS 450 to W. Silver. GM was also supported as a Lawrence Graduate Scholar at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and as a Research Fellow of the University of California Carbon Neutrality Initiative.
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/60897
Appears in Collections:影响、适应和脆弱性

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作者单位: Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States; Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, United States; National Ecological Observatory Network, Boulder, CO, United States; Department of Landscape Architecture and Environmental Planning, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States

Recommended Citation:
McNicol G.,Sturtevant C.S.,Knox S.H.,et al. Effects of seasonality, transport pathway, and spatial structure on greenhouse gas fluxes in a restored wetland[J]. Global Change Biology,2017-01-01,23(7)
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