globalchange  > 影响、适应和脆弱性
DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13517
论文题名:
A longer vernal window: the role of winter coldness and snowpack in driving spring transitions and lags
作者: Contosta A.R.; Adolph A.; Burchsted D.; Burakowski E.; Green M.; Guerra D.; Albert M.; Dibb J.; Martin M.; McDowell W.H.; Routhier M.; Wake C.; Whitaker R.; Wollheim W.
刊名: Global Change Biology
ISSN: 13541013
出版年: 2017
卷: 23, 期:4
起始页码: 1610
结束页码: 1625
语种: 英语
英文关键词: climate change ; energy balance ; lag ; snow ; soil ; spring ; stream ; temperature ; transition
英文摘要: Climate change is altering the timing and duration of the vernal window, a period that marks the end of winter and the start of the growing season when rapid transitions in ecosystem energy, water, nutrient, and carbon dynamics take place. Research on this period typically captures only a portion of the ecosystem in transition and focuses largely on the dates by which the system wakes up. Previous work has not addressed lags between transitions that represent delays in energy, water, nutrient, and carbon flows. The objectives of this study were to establish the sequence of physical and biogeochemical transitions and lags during the vernal window period and to understand how climate change may alter them. We synthesized observations from a statewide sensor network in New Hampshire, USA, that concurrently monitored climate, snow, soils, and streams over a three-year period and supplemented these observations with climate reanalysis data, snow data assimilation model output, and satellite spectral data. We found that some of the transitions that occurred within the vernal window were sequential, with air temperatures warming prior to snow melt, which preceded forest canopy closure. Other transitions were simultaneous with one another and had zero-length lags, such as snowpack disappearance, rapid soil warming, and peak stream discharge. We modeled lags as a function of both winter coldness and snow depth, both of which are expected to decline with climate change. Warmer winters with less snow resulted in longer lags and a more protracted vernal window. This lengthening of individual lags and of the entire vernal window carries important consequences for the thermodynamics and biogeochemistry of ecosystems, both during the winter-to-spring transition and throughout the rest of the year. © 2016 The Authors Global Change Biology Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
资助项目: Funding for this study was provided by the NH EPSCoR Ecosystem and Society Project (NSF-EPS 1101245). NARR reanalysis data were provided by the NOAA/OAR/ESRL PSD, Boulder, Colorado, USA, from their Web site at http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/. The MODIS MOD11A2 (LST), MCD15A2 (LAI), and MCD43B3 data were retrieved from the USGS EarthExplorer courtesy of the NASA EOSDIS Land Processes Distributed Active Archive Center (LP DAAC), USGS/Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, http://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/.
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/61016
Appears in Collections:影响、适应和脆弱性

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作者单位: Earth Systems Research Center, Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans and Space, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, United States; Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, United States; Department of Environmental Studies, Keene State College, Keene, NH, United States; National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, United States; Center for the Environment, Plymouth State University, Plymouth, NH, United States; United States Forest Service Northern Research Station, Plymouth, NH, United States; Physics Department, Saint Anselm College, Manchester, NH, United States; Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, United States; Environmental Science, White Mountain Community College, Berlin, NH, United States; Water Systems Analysis Group, Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans and Space, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, United States

Recommended Citation:
Contosta A.R.,Adolph A.,Burchsted D.,et al. A longer vernal window: the role of winter coldness and snowpack in driving spring transitions and lags[J]. Global Change Biology,2017-01-01,23(4)
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