DOI: 10.1111/gcb.12750
论文题名: Thermal adaptation generates a diversity of thermal limits in a rainforest ant community
作者: Kaspari M. ; Clay N.A. ; Lucas J. ; Yanoviak S.P. ; Kay A.
刊名: Global Change Biology
ISSN: 13541013
出版年: 2015
卷: 21, 期: 3 起始页码: 1092
结束页码: 1102
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Ants
; Boundary layer
; Canopy
; Community
; Ectotherms
; Thermal limits
; Tropical forest
; Understory
Scopus关键词: ant
; boundary layer
; community ecology
; ectothermy
; forest canopy
; rainforest
; temperature tolerance
; tropical forest
; understory
; Panama [Central America]
; Formicidae
; acclimatization
; animal
; ant
; Panama
; physiology
; rain forest
; temperature
; Acclimatization
; Animals
; Ants
; Panama
; Rainforest
; Temperature
英文摘要: The Thermal Adaptation Hypothesis posits that the warmer, aseasonal tropics generates populations with higher and narrower thermal limits. It has largely been tested among populations across latitudes. However, considerable thermal heterogeneity exists within ecosystems: across 31 trees in a Panama rainforest, surfaces exposed to sun were 8 °C warmer and varied more in temperature than surfaces in the litter below. Tiny ectotherms are confined to surfaces and are variously submerged in these superheated boundary layer environments. We quantified the surface CTmin and CTmaxs (surface temperatures at which individuals grew torpid and lost motor control, respectively) of 88 ant species from this forest; they ranged in average mass from 0.01 to 57 mg. Larger ants had broader thermal tolerances. Then, for 26 of these species we again tested body CTmaxs using a thermal dry bath to eliminate boundary layer effects: body size correlations observed previously disappeared. In both experiments, consistent with Thermal Adaptation, CTmaxs of canopy ants averaged 3.5-5 °C higher than populations that nested in the shade of the understory. We impaled thermocouples in taxidermy mounts to further quantify the factors shaping operative temperatures for four ant species representing the top third (1-30 mg) of the size distribution. Extrapolations suggest the smallest 2/3rds of species reach thermal equilibrium in <10s. Moreover, the large ants that walk above the convective superheated surface air also showed more net heating by solar radiation, with operative temperatures up to 4 °C higher than surrounding air. The thermal environments of this Panama rainforest generate a range of CTmax subsuming 74% of those previously recorded for ant populations worldwide. The Thermal Adaptation Hypothesis can be a powerful tool in predicting diversity of thermal limits within communities. Boundary layer temperatures are likely key to predicting the future of Earth's tiny terrestrial ectotherm populations. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/61877
Appears in Collections: 影响、适应和脆弱性
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作者单位: Graduate Program in Ecology and Evolution, Department of Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, United States; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama; Department of Biology, University of St. Thomas, St. Paul, MN, United States; Department of Biology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
Recommended Citation:
Kaspari M.,Clay N.A.,Lucas J.,et al. Thermal adaptation generates a diversity of thermal limits in a rainforest ant community[J]. Global Change Biology,2015-01-01,21(3)