globalchange  > 影响、适应和脆弱性
DOI: 10.1111/gcb.12623
论文题名:
Climate change and Southern Ocean ecosystems I: How changes in physical habitats directly affect marine biota
作者: Constable A.J.; Melbourne-Thomas J.; Corney S.P.; Arrigo K.R.; Barbraud C.; Barnes D.K.A.; Bindoff N.L.; Boyd P.W.; Brandt A.; Costa D.P.; Davidson A.T.; Ducklow H.W.; Emmerson L.; Fukuchi M.; Gutt J.; Hindell M.A.; Hofmann E.E.; Hosie G.W.; Iida T.; Jacob S.; Johnston N.M.; Kawaguchi S.; Kokubun N.; Koubbi P.; Lea M.-A.; Makhado A.; Massom R.A.; Meiners K.; Meredith M.P.; Murphy E.J.; Nicol S.; Reid K.; Richerson K.; Riddle M.J.; Rintoul S.R.; Smith W.O.; Jr.; Southwell C.; Stark J.S.; Sumner M.; Swadling K.M.; Takahashi K.T.; Trathan P.N.; Welsford D.C.; Weimerskirch H.; Westwood K.J.; Wienecke B.C.; Wolf-Gladrow D.; Wright S.W.; Xavier J.C.; Ziegler P.
刊名: Global Change Biology
ISSN: 13541013
出版年: 2014
卷: 20, 期:10
起始页码: 3004
结束页码: 3025
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Antarctica ; Benthos ; Climate change ; Krill ; Marine ecosystems ; Marine mammals ; Ocean acidification ; Penguins ; Plankton ; Sea ice
Scopus关键词: acidification ; benthos ; climate change ; habitat use ; marine ecosystem ; marine mammal ; sea ice ; seabird ; seasonal variation ; seasonality ; trophic level ; Southern Ocean ; Euphausiacea ; Mammalia ; Spheniscidae ; Antarctica ; aquatic species ; biota ; climate change ; ecosystem ; ice cover ; sea ; water flow ; wind ; Antarctic Regions ; Aquatic Organisms ; Biota ; Climate Change ; Ecosystem ; Ice Cover ; Oceans and Seas ; Water Movements ; Wind
英文摘要: Antarctic and Southern Ocean (ASO) marine ecosystems have been changing for at least the last 30 years, including in response to increasing ocean temperatures and changes in the extent and seasonality of sea ice; the magnitude and direction of these changes differ between regions around Antarctica that could see populations of the same species changing differently in different regions. This article reviews current and expected changes in ASO physical habitats in response to climate change. It then reviews how these changes may impact the autecology of marine biota of this polar region: microbes, zooplankton, salps, Antarctic krill, fish, cephalopods, marine mammals, seabirds, and benthos. The general prognosis for ASO marine habitats is for an overall warming and freshening, strengthening of westerly winds, with a potential pole-ward movement of those winds and the frontal systems, and an increase in ocean eddy activity. Many habitat parameters will have regionally specific changes, particularly relating to sea ice characteristics and seasonal dynamics. Lower trophic levels are expected to move south as the ocean conditions in which they are currently found move pole-ward. For Antarctic krill and finfish, the latitudinal breadth of their range will depend on their tolerance of warming oceans and changes to productivity. Ocean acidification is a concern not only for calcifying organisms but also for crustaceans such as Antarctic krill; it is also likely to be the most important change in benthic habitats over the coming century. For marine mammals and birds, the expected changes primarily relate to their flexibility in moving to alternative locations for food and the energetic cost of longer or more complex foraging trips for those that are bound to breeding colonies. Few species are sufficiently well studied to make comprehensive species-specific vulnerability assessments possible. Priorities for future work are discussed. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/62096
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作者单位: Australian Antarctic Division, Channel Highway, Kingston, TAS, Australia; Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre, Private Bag 80, Hobart, TAS, Australia; Department of Environmental Earth System Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States; Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, UMR 7372 CNRS/Univ La Rochelle, Villiers en Bois, France; British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Rd, Cambridge, United Kingdom; CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, Hobart, TAS, Australia; Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 129, Hobart, TAS, Australia; Department of Chemistry, Centre for Chemical and Physical Oceanography, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand; Biocenter Grindel and Zoological Museum, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, Hamburg, Germany; Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, United States; Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY, United States; National Institute of Polar Research, 10-3 Midori-cho, Tachikawa-shi Tokyo, Japan; Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Bremerhaven, Germany; Center for Coastal Physical Oceanography, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, United States; UMR 7208 BOREA, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University Paris 06, MNHN, CNRS, IRD, UCBN, 57 rue Cuvier CP 26, Paris, France; Department of Environment Affairs, Oceans and Coasts, P.O Box 52126, Cape Town, South Africa; Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources, 181 Macquarie St, Hobart, TAS, Australia; Virginia Institute of Marine Science, College of William and Mary, Gloucester Pt., United States; Institute of Marine Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal

Recommended Citation:
Constable A.J.,Melbourne-Thomas J.,Corney S.P.,et al. Climate change and Southern Ocean ecosystems I: How changes in physical habitats directly affect marine biota[J]. Global Change Biology,2014-01-01,20(10)
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