globalchange  > 影响、适应和脆弱性
DOI: 10.1111/gcb.12046
论文题名:
Introduced annual grass increases regional fire activity across the arid western USA (1980-2009)
作者: Balch J.K.; Bradley B.A.; D'Antonio C.M.; Gómez-Dans J.
刊名: Global Change Biology
ISSN: 13541013
出版年: 2013
卷: 19, 期:1
起始页码: 173
结束页码: 183
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Bromus tectorum ; Exotic grasses ; Fire frequency ; Grass-fire cycle ; Invasive species ; MODIS burned-area product ; Satellite-based fire data
Scopus关键词: angiosperm ; annual variation ; arid region ; biological invasion ; burning ; dominance ; grass ; invasive species ; land cover ; MODIS ; satellite data ; vegetation type ; article ; fire ; Poaceae ; United States ; Fires ; Poaceae ; United States ; Great Basin ; United States ; Bromus tectorum ; Poaceae
英文摘要: Non-native, invasive grasses have been linked to altered grass-fire cycles worldwide. Although a few studies have quantified resulting changes in fire activity at local scales, and many have speculated about larger scales, regional alterations to fire regimes remain poorly documented. We assessed the influence of large-scale Bromus tectorum (hereafter cheatgrass) invasion on fire size, duration, spread rate, and interannual variability in comparison to other prominent land cover classes across the Great Basin, USA. We compared regional land cover maps to burned area measured using the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) for 2000-2009 and to fire extents recorded by the USGS registry of fires from 1980 to 2009. Cheatgrass dominates at least 6% of the central Great Basin (650 000 km2). MODIS records show that 13% of these cheatgrass-dominated lands burned, resulting in a fire return interval of 78 years for any given location within cheatgrass. This proportion was more than double the amount burned across all other vegetation types (range: 0.5-6% burned). During the 1990s, this difference was even more extreme, with cheatgrass burning nearly four times more frequently than any native vegetation type (16% of cheatgrass burned compared to 1-5% of native vegetation). Cheatgrass was also disproportionately represented in the largest fires, comprising 24% of the land area of the 50 largest fires recorded by MODIS during the 2000s. Furthermore, multi-date fires that burned across multiple vegetation types were significantly more likely to have started in cheatgrass. Finally, cheatgrass fires showed a strong interannual response to wet years, a trend only weakly observed in native vegetation types. These results demonstrate that cheatgrass invasion has substantially altered the regional fire regime. Although this result has been suspected by managers for decades, this study is the first to document recent cheatgrass-driven fire regimes at a regional scale. © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/62581
Appears in Collections:影响、适应和脆弱性

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作者单位: Department of Geography, Pennsylvania State University, Walker Building, University Park, PA, United States; National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, 735 State Street, Santa Barbara, CA 93101, United States; Department of Environmental Conservation, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, 160 Holdsworth Way, Amherst, MA 01003, United States; Environmental Studies Program and Department of Ecology, University of California-Santa Barbara, Evolution and Marine Biology, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, United States; Department of Geography, National Centre for Earth Observation, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom

Recommended Citation:
Balch J.K.,Bradley B.A.,D'Antonio C.M.,et al. Introduced annual grass increases regional fire activity across the arid western USA (1980-2009)[J]. Global Change Biology,2013-01-01,19(1)
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