globalchange  > 影响、适应和脆弱性
DOI: 10.1002/2017JD026626
论文题名:
A cautionary tale: A study of a methane enhancement over the North Sea
作者: Cain M.; Warwick N.J.; Fisher R.E.; Lowry D.; Lanoisellé M.; Nisbet E.G.; France J.; Pitt J.; O'Shea S.; Bower K.N.; Allen G.; Illingworth S.; Manning A.J.; Bauguitte S.; Pisso I.; Pyle J.A.
刊名: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
ISSN: 2169897X
出版年: 2017
卷: 122, 期:14
起始页码: 7630
结束页码: 7645
语种: 英语
英文关键词: aircraft measurements ; dispersion modeling ; greenhouse gas emissions ; methane ; methane flux ; stable carbon isotope
英文摘要: Airborne measurements of a methane (CH4) plume over the North Sea from August 2013 are analyzed. The plume was only observed downwind of circumnavigated gas fields, and three methods are used to determine its source. First, a mass balance calculation assuming a gas field source gives a CH4 emission rate between 2.5 ± 0.8×104 and 4.6 ± 1.5×104 kg h−1. This would be greater than the industry's reported 0.5% leak rate if it were emitting for more than half the time. Second, annual average UK CH4 emissions are combined with an atmospheric dispersion model to create pseudo-observations. Clean air from the North Atlantic passed over mainland UK, picking up anthropogenic emissions. To best explain the observed plume using pseudo-observations, an additional North Sea source from the gas rigs area is added. Third, the δ13C-CH4 from the plume is shown to be −53‰, which is lighter than fossil gas but heavier than the UK average emission. We conclude that either an additional small-area mainland source is needed, combined with temporal variability in emission or transport in small-scale meteorological features. Alternatively, a combination of additional sources that are at least 75% from the mainland (−58‰) and up to 25% from the North Sea gas rigs area (−32‰) would explain the measurements. Had the isotopic analysis not been performed, the likely conclusion would have been of a gas field source of CH4. This demonstrates the limitation of analyzing mole fractions alone, as the simplest explanation is rejected based on analysis of isotopic data. ©2017. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.
资助项目: 225814 ; NE/I029293/1
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/62632
Appears in Collections:影响、适应和脆弱性
气候减缓与适应

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作者单位: Centre for Atmospheric Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; National Centre for Atmospheric Science, Leeds, United Kingdom; Department of Earth Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, United Kingdom; School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom; British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, United Kingdom; School of Earth, Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; School of Research, Enterprise and Innovation, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom; UK Meteorological Office, Exeter, United Kingdom; Facility for Airborne Atmospheric Measurements (FAAM), Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedford, United Kingdom; Department of Atmospheric and Climate Research, Instituttveien, Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), Kjeller, Norway

Recommended Citation:
Cain M.,Warwick N.J.,Fisher R.E.,et al. A cautionary tale: A study of a methane enhancement over the North Sea[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres,2017-01-01,122(14)
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