globalchange  > 影响、适应和脆弱性
DOI: 10.1002/2016JD025482
论文题名:
Substantial contribution of northern high-latitude sources to mineral dust in the Arctic
作者: Groot Zwaaftink C.D.; Grythe H.; Skov H.; Stohl A.
刊名: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
出版年: 2016
卷: 121, 期:22
起始页码: 678
结束页码: 697
语种: 英语
英文关键词: aeolian transport ; aerosol ; Arctic ; cryosphere ; mineral dust ; transport modeling
Scopus关键词: aerosol ; atmospheric deposition ; black carbon ; cryosphere ; dust ; energy budget ; eolian deposit ; latitude ; seasonal variation ; surface energy ; vertical profile ; Africa ; Arctic ; Asia
英文摘要: In the Arctic, impurities in the atmosphere and cryosphere can strongly affect the atmospheric radiation and surface energy balance. While black carbon has hence received much attention, mineral dust has been in the background. Mineral dust is not only transported into the Arctic from remote regions but also, possibly increasingly, generated in the region itself. Here we study mineral dust in the Arctic based on global transport model simulations. For this, we have developed a dust mobilization scheme in combination with the Lagrangian particle dispersion model FLEXPART. A model evaluation, based on measurements of surface concentrations and annual deposition at a number of stations and aircraft vertical profiles, shows the suitability of this model to study global dust transport. Simulations indicate that about 3% of global dust emission originates from high-latitude dust sources in the Arctic. Due to limited convection and enhanced efficiency of removal, dust emitted in these source regions is mostly deposited closer to the source than dust from for instance Asia or Africa. This leads to dominant contributions of local dust sources to total surface dust concentrations (~85%) and dust deposition (~90%) in the Arctic region. Dust deposition from local sources peaks in autumn, while dust deposition from remote sources occurs mainly in spring in the Arctic. With increasing altitude, remote sources become more important for dust concentrations as well as deposition. Therefore, total atmospheric dust loads in the Arctic are strongly influenced by Asian (~38%) and African (~32%) dust, whereas local dust contributes only 27%. Dust loads are thus largest in spring when remote dust is efficiently transported into the Arctic. Overall, our study shows that contributions of local dust sources are more important in the Arctic than previously thought, particularly with respect to surface concentrations and dust deposition. ©2016. The Authors.
资助项目: 155294"We thank O. Arnalds and S. Helgi Brink for providing the soil-type map of Iceland. We thank S. Eckhardt, H. Sodemann, and A. Grini for their help. We thank J. Prospero for sharing data from station Heimaey. The data set from Station Alert used in this project has been reported to the AMAP monitoring program and is openly available from the database infrastructure EBAS (http://ebas.nilu.no/) hosted at NILU. We thank Environment Canada (L. Barrie) for providing their data. Finally, we thank NASA (M. Shook) for providing the ARCTAS flight campaign data. We acknowledge the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF) for funding this project (155294). Travel grants have been provided by Nordic Center of Excellence eSTICC (Nordforsk 57001) and CRAICC (Nordforsk). The activities at Villum Research Station were financially supported by the Danish Environmental Protection Agency with means from the MIKA/DANCEA funds for Environmental Support to the Arctic Region, which is part of the Danish contribution to “Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Program” (AMAP). FLEXPART source code is available from www.flexpart.eu ; model output data are available from the authors upon request.
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/62787
Appears in Collections:影响、适应和脆弱性
气候减缓与适应

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作者单位: NILU - Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Kjeller, Norway; Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Atmospheric Science Unit, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Air Quality Research, Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland; Arctic Research Center, Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark

Recommended Citation:
Groot Zwaaftink C.D.,Grythe H.,Skov H.,et al. Substantial contribution of northern high-latitude sources to mineral dust in the Arctic[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres,2016-01-01,121(22)
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