DOI: 10.1002/2015JD024538
论文题名: Urban enhancement of PM10 bioaerosol tracers relative to background locations in the Midwestern United States
作者: Rathnayake C.M. ; Metwali N. ; Baker Z. ; Jayarathne T. ; Kostle P.A. ; Thorne P.S. ; O'Shaughnessy P.T. ; Stone E.A.
刊名: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
ISSN: 2169897X
出版年: 2016
卷: 121, 期: 9 起始页码: 5071
结束页码: 5089
语种: 英语
英文关键词: endotoxin
; fungal spore
; Iowa
; PM10
; protein
; urban
Scopus关键词: aerosol
; bacterium
; health impact
; particulate matter
; pollution exposure
; protein
; respiratory disease
; seasonal variation
; spatial variation
; spore
; toxin
; urban site
; Iowa
; United States
; Negibacteria
; Posibacteria
英文摘要: Bioaerosols are well-known immune-active particles that exacerbate respiratory diseases. Human exposures to bioaerosols and their resultant health impacts depend on their ambient concentrations, seasonal and spatial variation, and copollutants, which are not yet widely characterized. In this study, chemical and biological tracers of bioaerosols were quantified in respirable particulate matter (PM10) collected at three urban and three background sites in the Midwestern United States across four seasons in 2012. Endotoxins from Gram-negative bacteria (and a few Gram-positive bacteria), water-soluble proteins, and tracers for fungal spores (fungal glucans, arabitol, and mannitol) were ubiquitous and showed significant seasonal variation and dependence on temperature. Fungal spores were elevated in spring and peaked in summer, following the seasonal growing cycle, while endotoxins peaked in autumn during the row crop harvesting season. Paired comparisons of bioaerosols in urban and background sites revealed significant urban enhancements in PM10, fungal glucans, endotoxins, and water-soluble proteins relative to background locations, such that urban populations have a greater outdoor exposure to bioaerosols. These bioaerosols contribute, in part, to the urban excesses in PM10. Higher bioaerosol mass fractions in urban areas relative to background sites indicate that urban areas serve as a source of bioaerosols. Similar urban enhancements in water-soluble calcium and its correlation with bioaerosol tracers point toward windblown soil as an important source of bioaerosols in urban areas. © 2016. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/62875
Appears in Collections: 影响、适应和脆弱性 气候减缓与适应
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作者单位: Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IW, United States; Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IW, United States; State Hygienic Laboratory, University of Iowa, Coralville, IW, United States; Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IW, United States
Recommended Citation:
Rathnayake C.M.,Metwali N.,Baker Z.,et al. Urban enhancement of PM10 bioaerosol tracers relative to background locations in the Midwestern United States[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres,2016-01-01,121(9)