DOI: 10.1002/2014JD022328
论文题名: Spatial and seasonal patterns in urban influence on regional concentrations of speciated aerosols across the United States
作者: Hand J.L. ; Schichtel B.A. ; Malm W.C. ; Pitchford M. ; Frank N.H.
刊名: Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres
ISSN: 2169897X
出版年: 2014
卷: 119, 期: 22 起始页码: 12832
结束页码: 12849
语种: 英语
英文关键词: CSN
; IMPROVE
; remote aerosols
; urban aerosols
; urban excess
Scopus关键词: aerosol
; air quality
; atmospheric chemistry
; concentration (composition)
; regional pattern
; seasonal variation
; spatiotemporal analysis
; speciation (chemistry)
; urban area
; United States
英文摘要: Monthly, seasonal, and annual mean estimates of urban influence on regional concentrations of major aerosol species were computed using speciated aerosol data from the rural IMPROVE network (Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments) and the United States Environmental Protection Agency's urban Chemical Speciation Network for the 2008 through 2011 period. Aggregated for sites across the continental United States, the annual mean and one standard error in urban excess (defined as the ratio of urban to nearby rural concentrations) was highest for elemental carbon (3.3 ± 0.2), followed by ammonium nitrate (2.5 ± 0.2), particulate organic matter (1.78 ± 0.08), and ammonium sulfate (1.23 ± 0.03). The seasonal variability in urban excess was significant for carbonaceous aerosols and ammonium nitrate in the West, in contrast to the low seasonal variability in the urban influence of ammonium sulfate. Generally for all species, higher excess values in the West were associated with localized urban sources while in the East excess was more regional in extent. In addition, higher excess values in the western United States in winter were likely influenced not only by differences in sources but also by combined meteorological and topographic effects. This work has implications for understanding the spatial heterogeneity of major aerosol species near the interface of urban and rural regions and therefore for designing appropriate air quality management strategies. In addition, the spatial patterns in speciated mass concentrations provide constraints for regional and global models. ©2014. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/63043
Appears in Collections: 影响、适应和脆弱性 气候减缓与适应
There are no files associated with this item.
作者单位: Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States; National Park Service, Air Resources Division, Lakewood, CO, United States; Division of Atmospheric Sciences, Desert Research Institute, Reno, NE, United States; Air Quality Assessment Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
Recommended Citation:
Hand J.L.,Schichtel B.A.,Malm W.C.,et al. Spatial and seasonal patterns in urban influence on regional concentrations of speciated aerosols across the United States[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres,2014-01-01,119(22)