DOI: 10.1002/jgrd.50866
论文题名: Initial breakdown pulses in intracloud lightning flashes and their relation to terrestrial gamma ray flashes
作者: Marshall T. ; Stolzenburg M. ; Karunarathne S. ; Cummer S. ; Lu G. ; Betz H.-D. ; Briggs M. ; Connaughton V. ; Xiong S.
刊名: Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres
ISSN: 21698996
出版年: 2013
卷: 118, 期: 19 起始页码: 10907
结束页码: 10925
语种: 英语
英文关键词: lightning
; TGFs
Scopus关键词: Gamma rays
; Conducting paths
; Initial breakdown pulse
; Intracloud flash
; Lightning flashes
; Relativistic electron
; Terrestrial Gamma ray Flashes
; TGFs
; Time-of-arrival
; Lightning
; climate conditions
; gamma ray radiation
; lightning
; mapping
英文摘要: The initial breakdown stage of 10 intracloud lightning flashes that may have produced terrestrial gamma ray flashes (TGFs) is studied with wideband E-change, multiband B-change, and VHF lightning mapping data; these flashes fit published criteria known to be associated with TGFs. The (x, y, z, t) locations of fast initial breakdown pulses (IBPs) were determined with E-change data using a time-of-arrival (TOA) technique. Each IBP includes one or more fast-rising subpulses. Previous research has shown that a typical intracloud flash initiates just above the main negative cloud charge (MNCC), then an initial negative leader propagates upward in 1-20 ms to the bottom of the upper positive cloud charge (UPCC), thereby establishing a conducting path between the MNCC and UPCC. TOA locations indicate that IBPs are directly related to the initial negative leader. The IBPs primarily occur in short (<750 μs) bursts of two to five pulses, and each burst produces a slow, monotonic E-change. Typically, one to three IBP bursts are needed to span the vertical gap from the MNCC to the UPCC, with successive bursts separated by 1-5 ms. In the B-change data, each IBP burst has an associated ULF pulse and several LF pulses, and these are caused by the same physical events that produce the slow, monotonic E-change and fast-rising IBP subpulses, respectively. Based on similarities with known TGF-associated signals, we speculate that a relativistic electron avalanche causes each LF pulse/IBP subpulse pair; thus, each pair has the potential to cause a TGF. Key Points Initial breakdown pulses (IBPs) of IC flashes move upward as the initial leader Initial leaders develop with a few IBP bursts separated by a few milliseconds IBPs and slow E-changes are causally connected to LF and slow ULF pulses of TGFs ©2013. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. 资助项目: AGS-1016004
; AGS-1110030
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/63246
Appears in Collections: 影响、适应和脆弱性 气候减缓与适应
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作者单位: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Mississippi, PO Box 1848, University, MS 38677, United States; Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Duke University, Durham NC, United States; Physics Department, University of Munich, Garching, Germany; Nowcast GmbH, Munich, Germany; CSPAR, Huntsville AL, United States; Department of Physics, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville AL, United States
Recommended Citation:
Marshall T.,Stolzenburg M.,Karunarathne S.,et al. Initial breakdown pulses in intracloud lightning flashes and their relation to terrestrial gamma ray flashes[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres,2013-01-01,118(19)