DOI: 10.1002/jgrd.50540
论文题名: Robust elements of Snowball Earth atmospheric circulation and oases for life
作者: Abbot D.S. ; Voigt A. ; Li D. ; Hir G.L. ; Pierrehumbert R.T. ; Branson M. ; Pollard D. ; B. Koll D.D.
刊名: Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres
ISSN: 21698996
出版年: 2013
卷: 118, 期: 12 起始页码: 6017
结束页码: 6027
语种: 英语
英文关键词: astrobiology
; hadley cell
; neoproterozoic
; snowball earth
Scopus关键词: Astrobiology
; Atmospheric temperature
; Boundary conditions
; Carbon dioxide
; Climatology
; Clouds
; Geochronology
; Tropics
; Atmospheric circulation
; General circulation model
; Global mean surface temperature
; Hadley cells
; Hadley circulation
; Neoproterozoic
; Snowball Earth
; Thickness variation
; Ice
; ablation
; astronomy
; boundary condition
; carbon dioxide
; deglaciation
; evaporation
; general circulation model
; Hadley cell
; heat transfer
; ice thickness
; numerical model
; origin of life
; precipitation (climatology)
; Proterozoic
; surface temperature
英文摘要: Atmospheric circulation in a Snowball Earth is critical for determining cloud behavior, heat export from the tropics, regions of bare ice, and sea glacier flow. These processes strongly affect Snowball Earth deglaciation and the ability of oases to support photosynthetic marine life throughout a Snowball Earth. Here we establish robust aspects of the Snowball Earth atmospheric circulation by running six general circulation models with consistent Snowball Earth boundary conditions. The models produce qualitatively similar patterns of atmospheric circulation and precipitation minus evaporation. The strength of the Snowball Hadley circulation is roughly double modern at low CO2 and greatly increases as CO2 is increased. We force a 1-D axisymmetric sea glacier model with general circulation model (GCM) output and show that, neglecting zonal asymmetry, sea glaciers would limit ice thickness variations to O(10%). Global mean ice thickness in the 1-D sea glacier model is well-approximated by a 0-D ice thickness model with global mean surface temperature as the upper boundary condition. We then show that a thin-ice Snowball solution is possible in the axysymmetric sea glacier model when forced by output from all the GCMs if we use ice optical properties that favor the thin-ice solution. Finally, we examine Snowball oases for life using analytical models forced by the GCM output and find that conditions become more favorable for oases as the Snowball warms, so that the most critical time for the survival of life would be near the beginning of a Snowball Earth episode. Key Points Snowball Hadley cell is stronger than modern and increases with CO2 in six GCMs GCMs produce a similar Snowball P-E pattern with net ablation in the tropics Sea glacier thickness variations and oases are more favorable as Snowball ages © 2013. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. 资助项目: DMS-0940261
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/63600
Appears in Collections: 影响、适应和脆弱性 气候减缓与适应
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作者单位: Department of the Geophysical Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, United States; Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, Hamburg, Germany; Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, Université Paris 7-Denis, Paris, Diderot, France; Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States; Earth and Environmental Systems Institute, College of Earth and Mineral Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
Recommended Citation:
Abbot D.S.,Voigt A.,Li D.,et al. Robust elements of Snowball Earth atmospheric circulation and oases for life[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres,2013-01-01,118(12)